Abstract：Objective To investigate whether there is correlation between an individual' s genetic background and Chlamydia trachomatis (Ct) infection through analyzing the MICA* A5.1 allele and Ct infection in sterile women. Methods MICA* A5.1 alleles were analyzed through the PCR-SSP method, and FQ-PCR was used to detect Ct-DNA. Results Out of the 122 sterile women, 33 were deemed Ct positive. Out of 140 people in the control group, 16 were Ct positive. Therefore, the Ct infection rate was 27.1% and 11.4% in the sterile group and control group, respectively. Among the 122 sterile women, 35 patients were MICA*A5.1 allele positive. In control p, 43 out of 140 people were positive for the MICA* A5.1 allele. Among the sterile women,5 patients were infected with Ct and were positive for the MICA* A5.1 allele simultaneously, whereas only one case in from the control group displayed both factors at the same time.The discrepancy of Ct infection rates between MICA* A5.1 positive cases and MICA* A5.1 negative cases was statistically significant (P = 0.046 in sterile women group; P = 0.022 in control group; P = 0.01 in sterile women patient and control group pooled together) . Conclusion Ct infection rate is higher in sterile women when compared to a control population, and individuals with a positive MICA* A5.1 allele may have a lower susceptibility to Ct infection than ones with a negative allele.
