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::: Office ::: Online Submission Manuscript Tracking Peer Review Editor Work Office Work Editor-in-chief   ::: Journal ::: Forthcoming Articles Current Issue Next Issue Archive Email Alert   Read Articles Download Articles   Quick Search       Advanced Search         2021 Vol.16 No.4 Published 2021-08-25 Original Article Review ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 3740KB] ( 145 ) 235 LI Haicong, WANG Qianying, HAN Weijing, ZHOU Yi, CAO Dan, ZHU Zhaoqin Evaluation of diagnostic application of different severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 specific antibody detection kits To evaluate the performances of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS­CoV­2) specific antibody detection assays from six manufacturers and give directions for clinical application, serum samples from 245 patients (122 SARS­CoV­2 confirmed infection cases and 123 SARS­CoV­2 negative cases) admitted in Shanghai Public Health Clinical Centre from Jan 30th to May 11th 2020 were collected and tested by SARS­CoV­2 antibody detection assays purchased from six manufactures, including 3 uses colloidal gold strips while others are chemiluminescence immunoassays (CLIA). SARS­Cov­2 nucleic acid was detected by PCR Simultaneously. Clinical sensitivity, clinical specificity, PPV, NPV and other parameters were analyzed to evaluate and compare the performances of different assays. Assays had similar performances in terms of clinical specificity, but differ in clinical sensitivity. Compared to IgM detection, IgG detection seems more sensitive. CLIA assays had a sensitivity of 72.1%～85.2% which was superior to that of colloidal gold (47.5%～84.4%). All assays were determined to have statistically significant difference from PCR. The sensitivity of antibody detection increased over time, the sensitivity reached 96% after ≥16 days after PCR confirmation. SARS­CoV­2 antibody detection can serve as an auxiliary method to PCR in diagnosis. IgG and IgM joint detection may increase sensitivity in SARS­CoV­2 diagnosis. Performances of different assays varied a lot. Use of assays should depend on clinical requirement and application scenarios. 2021 Vol. 16 (4): 235-241 [Abstract] ( 51 ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 933KB] ( 126 ) 242 WANG Shuangjie1, CEN Zhenjiao1, Lü Suling2, ZENG Shangjuan1, RUAN Jialing1, LI Yingfeng1 Study of serotype distribution, antimicrobial resistance patterns and molecular epidemiology of Listeria monocytogenes isolates from neonatal and maternal in Nanning, Guangxi Province In order to investigate the genotyping, molecular epidemiological characteristics in neonatal and maternal infection and sources of specimens as well as antimicrobial susceptibility of Listeria monocytogenes(Lm) in neonatal and maternal in Nanning, Guangxi Province. The Listeria monocytogenes isolated from the department of neonatology and obstetrics of Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Guangxi zhuang Autonomous Region from 2015 to 2017 were retrospectively reviewed, in vitro susceptibility testing and serological typing were carried out by a kit, and multilocus sequencing (MLST) for analysis of strains. And the clinical characteristics and risk factors analysis of perinatal listeriosis were analyzed.The results showed that the lower incidence of neonatal Lm infection was 0.091 ‰ between 2015 to 2017 in Nanning of Guangxi. The isolated Lm belonged to two stronger pathogenic strains serotypes [4b (83.3%) and 1/2a (16.7%)]. Drug susceptibility test showed that Listeria monocytogenes were 100% sensitive to penicillin, ampicillin, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole and meropenem, and no resistant strains have been found. The genotyping obtains two sequence types (ST) by MLST, mainly ST­1 type (83.3%). Four strains of bacteria were isolated from a newborn patient(Case 2) of peripheral blood(Lm2), ear swab(Lm3) and amniotic fluid(Lm4) and cervical secretion(Lm5) of her mother, which were confirmed to be the same clone by antibiotic sensitivity test, serotype and MLST. The Listeria monocytogenes infections in pregnant women and their newborn infants may be derived from the same clone via vertical transmission.All the neonates in the reported cases had symptoms, including fever, pneumonia, Bluish­colored skin, Sepsis and Meningitis.All the pregnant women in the reported cases had atypical and nonspecific clinical symptoms.Clinical attention should be paid to the pathogen examination of Listeria monocytogenes in maternal and neonatal infections, early diagnosis, prevention and reduction of maternal­infant infection caused by Listeria monocytogenes by timely and reasonable antibiotic treatment. 2021 Vol. 16 (4): 242-0 [Abstract] ( 59 ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 766KB] ( 175 ) 249 YAO Ting1, ZHANG Yi1, YU Yongsheng1, TANG Zhenghao1, ZANG Guoqing1, LI Mei2, LIAN Xiaofeng3, CHEN Xiaohua1 Clinical analysis of 20 cases of pyogenic vertebral osteomyelitis caused by Staphylococcal infection To explore the clinical features and imaging features of pyogenic vertebral osteomyelitis (PVO) caused by Staphylococcus, the clinical characteristics, laboratory examinations and imaging examinations of 20 cases of PVO caused by Staphylococcus admitted to Department of Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University from January 2010 to December 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. The results showed that 20 patients were mainly infected with Staphylococcus aureus, 85% occurred in the lumbar spine, 12 patients developed paravertebral abscess, 13 patients (65%) had fever, and 50% of the patients had elevated white blood cell counts. C­reactive protein, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and ferritin elevated in all patients. Computed tomography (CT) plain scan showed that the infected vertebral bodies had bone destruction. In magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) vertebral bodies and intervertebral disc destruction area had abnormal signal focus. Emission computed tomography (ECT) showed uneven radioactive uptake of the diseased vertebral bodies. Over 80% of Staphylococcus aureus was not sensitive to penicillin. Twelve patients with paravertebral abscess recovered by CT ­guided drainage combined with sensitive antibiotic treatment. It is concluded that Staphylococcus aureus is the main pathogenic bacterium of pyogenic vertebral osteomyelitis caused by Staphylococcus, which is generally resistant to penicillin. Imaging examination is of great value in the diagnosis of this disease. The inflammatory indicators and MRI could be used in therapeutic effect evaluation and conservative treatment is effective. 2021 Vol. 16 (4): 249-255 [Abstract] ( 62 ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 13485KB] ( 118 ) 256 LIU Li1, WU Xiaoying1, Li Xingquan2 Correlation between serum soluble myeloid cell trigger receptor, procalcitonin, nuclear factor­κB levels and intestinal dysbacteriosis in patients with sepsis The purpose of the present study is to explore the correlation between serum soluble myeloid cell trigger receptor 1 (sTREM1), procalcitonin (PCT), nuclear factor­κB (NF­κB) levels and intestinal microflora disorders in the patients with sepsis. A total of 86 patients with sepsis from Department of Digestive Medicine, Chongqing Qijiang District People’s Hospital were enrolled in the sepsis group. Fifty patients without sepsis admitted to the hospital during the same period were enrolled in the non­sepsis group, and 50 healthy people who underwent medical examinations in the hospital during the same period were enrolled in the control group. The alpha diversity and composition of intestinal flora, levels of serum sTREM1, PCT, NF­κB were analyzed. Spearman correlation analysis was performed. The results showed that Ace index, Chao index and Shannon index in the sepsis group were significantly lower, and Simpson index was significantly higher than those in the non­sepsis group and control group (P<0.05). The contents of Bacteroides and Bifidobacterium in the sepsis group were significantly lower, and the contents of Enterococcus, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus were significantly higher than those in the non­sepsis group and control group (P<0.05). Serum sTREM1, PCT and NF­κB levels in the sepsis group were significantly higher than those in the non­sepsis group and control group (P<0.05). Spearman correlation analysis showed that serum sTREM1, PCT, NF­κB levels were negatively correlated with Ace index, Chao index, Shannon index (P<0.05), and positively correlated with Simpson index (P<0.05). It is suggested that serum sTREM1, PCT and NF­κB levels are associated with intestinal dysbacteriosis in the patients with sepsis. 2021 Vol. 16 (4): 256-260 [Abstract] ( 49 ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 535KB] ( 159 )   Review 261 YUAN Haibo, ZHOU Liting, WU Chaoyi, WU Shuyan Advances in the study of Salmonella infection and regulated cell death of host mediating by Caspase-8 Salmonella infection which generally spread via food, is a serious threat to human health. As an important barrier against Salmonella invasion, intestinal epithelial cells reduce the colonization and invasion of Salmonella in multiple ways. At the same time, intestinal mononuclear phagocytes also recognize Salmonella through NAIP, which activates NLRC4 inflammasome to induce pyroptosis and Salmonella elimination. Caspases are a family of cysteine-aspartic proteases that carry out a variety of cellular functions. Pyroptosis mediated by Caspase-1 is the key component of inflammasomes, which induces pyroptosis by cleaving gasdermin D. Previous research found that, just like caspase-1, caspase-8 was also recruited by inflammasomes, but its function was unclear. Recent research revealed that, when pyroptosis was inhibited, Caspase-8 could be strongly activated in inflammasomes of intestinal epitheliums and macrophages which protected against Salmonella infection. Therefore, Caspase-8 can also be a key molecule to regulate host anti-infection immunity during Salmonella infection, and the mechanism of Caspase-8 in regulating host cell death is of great significance for further understanding the relationship between Salmonella infection and host anti-infection immune response. 2021 Vol. 16 (4): 261-269 [Abstract] ( 32 ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 1594KB] ( 181 ) 270 CAO Miao, LU Lu, JIANG Shibo Broad-spectrum anti-coronavirus vaccines and peptides: combating the emerging and reemerging coronavirus diseases The pandemic of 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) caused by the 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV), also known as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has posed a serious threat to global public health and economic development. Vaccines and antiviral drugs are important means for combating the epidemic. Most of the vaccines and therapeutics currently being developed are specific for SARS-CoV-2, which may become ineffective if the virus makes major mutation(s) or another highly pathogenic coronavirus emerges. Because the development of a vaccine and a new antiviral drug is often lagging behind, it is difficult to put them into use quickly in the early stage of the outbreak. Therefore, it is an urgent need to develop efficient, safe and broad-spectrum anti-coronavirus vaccines and drugs to combat the possible outbreaks of new coronavirus disease in the future. Here we review the progress of research and development of broad-spectrum anti-coronavirus vaccines and peptides, providing our opinions and suggestions on the development of such vaccines and therapeutics. 2021 Vol. 16 (4): 270-279 [Abstract] ( 27 ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 2500KB] ( 131 ) 280 CHEN Jingxian1,2 The current severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 variants of concern Since the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has generated more than 10 000 variants. Some of them deserve our concern because it may become more infectious, or show increased pathogenicity with higher mortality, or it is no longer detectable with current assays, or it may evade immune protection conferred by available vaccines. On May 31, World Health Organization (WHO) proposed a new system to name SARS-CoV-2 variants. In this review, four worldwide spread SARS-CoV-2 variants were discussed comprehensively, including the India variant that is responsible for recent endemic of COVID-19 in Guangzhou. 2021 Vol. 16 (4): 280-284 [Abstract] ( 27 ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 523KB] ( 81 ) 285 TAN Wei, CHEN Yongyan, ZHANG Xinxin Advances in laboratory diagnostic approaches for rotavirus Rotavirus infection is the leading cause of acute dehydrated gastroenteritis among children under 5 years old worldwide. Nonetheless, viral gastroenteritis is often difficult to differentiate from gastroenteritis caused by enteric bacteria on the basis of clinical presentation. Therefore, laboratory tests are required for adequate specific diagnosis. Therefore, laboratory tests are required for adequate specific diagnosis. Different detecting methods suit for different situations. Traditional morphological and immunological methods are substituted by molecular diagnostic method, which have high specificity and sensibility. The enzyme-linked immunosorbent (ELISA) and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) are the basic assays that provide the platform for development of several efficient diagnostics such as gold immunochromatographic Assay(GICA) and real time RT-PCR have already used in diagnosing rotavirus. However, the sensibility of GICA cannot support itself for detecting low concentrations of antigen. For RT-PCR, it takes too long to diagnose rotavirus. Loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP), microarrays and next generation sequencing. Furthermore, several diagnostics for other virus might be applied to Rotavirus diagnosis such as Peptide nucleic acid(PNA), NASBA-CRISPR cleavage, Aptamers, these diagnostics can amplify fragments of virus specifically and make the detection cheaper and quicker. In this article, we review the methods and advanced technologies of rotavirus detection. 2021 Vol. 16 (4): 285-290 [Abstract] ( 37 ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 631KB] ( 149 ) Reader Login Author Center Online Submission Author Instruction Layout Art Copyright Agreement News More >>   Other Journal

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