To investigate a potential impact of interleukin 22 (IL-22) gene polymorphisms on susceptibility to pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) in a Chinese population, a case-control study was conducted in PTB cases (n＝453), latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) cases (n＝109) and healthy controls (HCs) (n＝264). Genetic polymorphisms of rs1179249, rs2227491, rs17224704, rs2227478 were analyzed by using SNPscan™ technique. The genetic frequencies of four single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) met Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. In the population older than 55, the frequency of genotype TA of rs17224704 SNP was significantly higher in healthy control group than that in PTB group (P＝0.047 9，OR＝0.365，95% CI＝0.135－0.991). The frequency of genotype AA of rs17224704 SNP was significantly lower in LTBI group than that in PTB group (P＝0.027 6). The frequency of genotype TA of rs17224704 SNP was significantly higher in LTBI group than that in PTB group (P＝0.007 37, OR＝0.213，95% CI＝0.069－0.660). The frequency of allele T of rs17224704 SNP was significantly higher in healthy control group and LTBI group than that in PTB group (P＝0.026 9, OR＝0.388, 95% CI＝0.167－0.897; P＝0.025 0, OR＝0.322, 95% CI＝0.119－0.867). The results suggest that allele T of rs17224704 gene in Chinese Han population from Chongqing is probably associated with protection against tuberculosis.