Objective To analyze the infection subtype distribution of Human papillomavirus (HPV) among women in Suzhou area, and to describe the cervical cytology findings in HPV-positive women, providing a theoretical basis for the prevention and treatment of HPV infection in Suzhou. Methods Fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) was used to detect 2852 cervical exfoliated cell specimens from women at Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, and its medical community unit, Tong'an Community Health Center, Suzhou High-tech Zone. from 2020 to 2021. The total HPV infection, age-specific infection characteristics, and genotype distribution were analyzed. Liquid-based cytology (TCT) was performed for all HPV-positive cases and classified according to TBS 2014. Results Among 2852 female subjects, 502 were HPV positive, with an infection rate of 17.60% (502/2852). Of these, 447 cases (89.04%) were single infections, and 55 cases (10.96%) were multiple infections. The age-specific infection rates were: 164 cases (5.75%) in 34-39 years old, 91 cases (3.19%) in 40-49 years old, 182 cases (6.38%) in 50-59 years old, and 65 cases (2.28%) in 60-65 years old. The top three HPV subtypes detected were: HPV52 (22.51%, 113/502), HPV58 (13.35%, 67/502), and HPV16 (9.76%, 49/502). Among 502 HPV-positive women, there were 71 cases of Atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASC-US), 19 cases of Low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (LSIL), 1 case of High-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL), and 1 case of Atypical squamous cells cannot exclude HSIL (ASC-H). Conclusion The HPV positive rate among women in Suzhou area varies with age groups. The main infection types are high-risk subtypes and single infections, with HPV52, HPV58, and HPV16 being the predominant subtypes.

Objective: to compare the differences in drug resistance, virulence, and genomics between carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP) and carbapenem-sensitive Klebsiella pneumoniae (CSKP) isolated from intensive care units (ICUs), providing scientific evidence for understanding the epidemiological characteristics of CRKP, optimizing treatment strategies, and developing preventive and control measures.Methods: From January 2019 to January 2024, a total of 260 non-duplicate strains of Klebsiella pneumoniae (KP), including 150 CRKP and 110 CSKP, isolated from bacterial cultures in our hospital's ICU were selected as the study subjects. The differences in drug sensitivity between CRKP and CSKP were compared. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to screen for drug resistance genes, virulence genes, and capsule serotypes. The string test was performed to assess the hypermucoid phenotype. The genomic characteristics and distribution of carbapenem-resistant hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae (CR-HVKP) were analyzed.Results: The drug resistance rates of CRKP were higher than those of CSKP for β-lactams (PIP, PSL, AMC), carbapenems (IMP, ETP, MRP), aminoglycosides (GM), amphenicols (AMK), quinolones (CIP, LVX), tetracyclines (TE), macrolides (MIN), and sulfonamides (SXT) (P<0.05). Among CRKP strains, metallo-β-lactamases accounted for 30%, and non-metallo-β-lactamases accounted for 66.7%. The hypermucoid phenotype was observed in 22.0% of CRKP strains and 78.0% had a low-mucoid phenotype; for CSKP, the hypermucoid phenotype was observed in 47.3% and 52.7% had a low-mucoid phenotype. The positive rates of virulence genes rmpA, aerobicition, magA, allS, Kfu, and entB were higher in CSKP than in CRKP (P<0.05), while the positive rate of ybtS was higher in CRKP than in CSKP (P<0.05). The positive rates of drug resistance genes blaKPC, blaNDM, blaVIM, and blaOXA-48 were much higher in CRKP than in CSKP (P<0.05). The positive rates of capsule serotypes K1, K2, K5, K54, and K57 were higher in CSKP than in CRKP (P<0.05).Conclusion: Given the high drug resistance and complex genotype of CRKP, clinical treatment should consider multiple factors comprehensively, develop reasonable treatment plans, and strengthen the monitoring and prevention of drug resistance to improve therapeutic efficacy and reduce resistance.

Mosquito-borne flaviviruses are a large group of enveloped, single-stranded, positive-sense RNA viruses that are primarily prevalent in tropical and subtropical regions. Currently, over three billion people worldwide live in endemic areas, posing a growing threat to human health. The most representative members of this group include Zika virus (ZIKV), dengue virus (DENV), yellow fever virus (YFV), West Nile virus (WNV), and Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV). These viruses have not only caused multiple large-scale outbreaks but have also significantly impacted human reproductive health and fetal development. Therefore, this article will focus on the basic characteristics of the aforementioned viruses and the potential threats their transmission routes pose to reproductive health, aiming to provide scientific references for public health interventions and individual protection.

Varicella-zoster virus (VZV) can infect the nervous system, but there are few reports of cerebral infarction caused by VZV in Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) patients. This paper reported a case of an AIDS patient who initially presented with herpes zoster neuralgia without a rash. After antiviral treatment with acyclovir for VZV, pain relief, and antiretroviral treatment with Bictegravir Sodium/Emtricitabine/Tenofovir Alafenamide Fumarate Tablets (BIC/FTC/TAF) for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The patient improved and was discharged. After 8 days, the patient developed a fever along with unclear speech, nausea, and vomiting. VZV-related meningoencephalitis was confirmed through lumbar puncture and magnetic resonance imaging. The VZV DNA in cerebrospinal fluid reached 44,251 copies/mL. Ganciclovir, foscarnet sodium, acyclovir (anti-VZV), and dexamethasone (anti-inflammatory) were administered sequentially. After improvement, acyclovir, an anti-VZV medication, was taken orally.Thirty five days later, the patient suffered from acute cerebral infarction in the left frontoparietal lobe, resulting in paralysis of the right limb and aphasia. Lumbar puncture showed that the cerebrospinal fluid contained 1200 copies/ml of VZV DNA. Ganciclovir combined with foscarnet sodium for anti-VZV, BIC/FTC/TAF for anti-HIV, methylprednisolone for anti-inflammatory purposes, aspirin for antiplatelet effects, and atorvastatin for plaque stabilization showed improvement. AIDS patients with VZV infection may develop cerebral infarction. Therefore, close attention should be paid to the patients with neurological symptoms to reduce the mortality and disability rate of such patients.

A recent outbreak of Chikungunya fever, triggered by imported cases, was reported in Shunde district of Foshan city, Guangdong province, resulting in thousands of infections. The causative agent, Chikungunya virus (CHIKV), is a mosquito-borne alphavirus transmitted primarily by Aedes mosquitos. CHIKV infection in humans manifests clinically as fever, rash, and persistent arthritis, and the virus is classified as a Biosafety Level 3 (BSL-3) pathogen. Climate change has facilitated the expansion of mosquito vectors, escalating the risk of CHIKV transmission. Currently, no vaccines or antiviral therapies are available in China, leaving personal protection and vector control as the sole preventive strategies. To address this re-emerging threat, this review synthesizes current knowledge on CHIKV, including its virological traits, global epidemiology, pathogenesis, diagnostic methods, and advances in vaccine and therapeutic development, offering insights for outbreak preparedness and response.

Abstract: objective:To investigate the trends in resistance rates of Enterobacteriaceae bacteria and analyze the carbapenemase genes blaNDM and blaKPC as well as resistant genes. Methods: This study included 700 patients with Enterobacteriaceae bacterial infections treated at our hospital from January 2017 to December 2023. Among them, 350 patients with Enterobacteriaceae bacterial infections who met the criteria of the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) 2015 edition were selected as the study group, and 350 non-resistant patients were selected as the control group. The risk factors for resistance of Enterobacteriaceae bacteria, trends in resistance rates, the resistance situation of Enterobacteriaceae bacteria, and the distribution of resistance genes were analyzed. Results:Statistical significance was observed in the differences between the study group and the control group in terms of hypertension (χ2=57.461, P=0.000), diabetes (χ2=5.079, P=0.024), hyperlipidemia (χ2=7.451, P=0.007), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (χ2=47.801, P=0.000), duration of hospitalization (t=66.029, P=0.000), APACHE II score (t=59.462, P=0.000), duration of mechanical ventilation (t=70.986, P=0.000), types of antibiotics used (t=37.951, P=0.000), endotracheal intubation (χ2=8.721, P=0.003), urinary catheterization (χ2=16.641, P=0.000), use of glucocorticoids (χ2=6.091, P=0.014), and albumin levels (t=104.655, P=0.000) (P＞0.05). Refer to Table 1 for details. Multifactorial analysis revealed that hypertension (OR=0.313), diabetes (OR=0.320), hyperlipidemia (OR=0.299), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (OR=0.362), duration of hospitalization (OR=0.339), APACHE II score (OR=0.351), duration of mechanical ventilation (OR=0.345), types of antibiotics used (OR=0.303), endotracheal intubation (OR=0.349), urinary catheterization (OR=0.359), use of glucocorticoids (OR=0.339), and albumin levels (OR=0.318) were all identified as risk factors for Enterobacteriaceae bacterial resistance in patients.Analysis of the trends in Enterobacteriaceae bacterial resistance in the respiratory department, intensive care unit, and neurology department from 2017 to 2023 showed a significant upward trend in the respiratory department (χ2=14.307, P=0.000), intensive care unit (χ2=17.864, P=0.000), and neurology department (χ2=13.763, P=0.000). Analysis of Enterobacteriaceae bacterial resistance revealed resistance primarily to ceftriaxone, ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, piperacillin, and

Objective: To explore the differences in gut microbiota between healthy preschool children with functional constipation (FC) and to further explore the group-specific association between gut microbiota and FC.