To investigate the clinical characteristics, drug resistance rates and risk factors of Klebsiella pneumoniae infection in elderly patients, the clinical data from 322 elderly patients with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) who admitted to Baoshan Renhe Hospital from 2021 to 2023 were collected. The patients were divided into a Klebsiella pneumoniae-infected group (KP group, 56 patients) and a non-Klebsiella pneumoniae-infected group (NKP group, 266 patients). Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to identify the risk factors for Klebsiella pneumoniae infection in patients. The clinical value of various indicators in assessing the risk of Klebsiella pneumoniae infection was analyzed using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. The results showed that Klebsiella pneumoniae exhibited high rates of resistance to ampicillin, cefuroxime, ceftazidime and piperacillin. Multifactorial analysis showed that males, respiratory failure, solid shadows in the lungs, and high fasting glucose levels were independent risk factors for Klebsiella pneumoniae infection. The ROC curve showed that the area under the curve (AUC) for assessing the risk of infection based on male gender, respiratory failure, and elevated fasting blood glucose levels all exceed 0.6, and the AUC for the combined index of independent risk factors reached 0.762.Therefore, early identification and implementation of effective treatment and management strategies for these high-risk groups is essential in clinical practice.