The present paper aims to report a case of adult varicella attributable to the vOka vaccine,and to raise our awareness ofs econdary transmission through vaccination. The fluid of the skin lesions was aspirated and inoculated to human embryonic fibroblasts. The cytopathic effect (CPE) was observed 3 days later and identified by indirect immunofluorescence using monoclonal antibodies against glycoprotein E of varicella-zostervirus (VZV). The gene sequence date further revealed that the vaccine strain-associated single nucleotide polymorphisms of this isolate were the same as those included in the vOka vaccine. Both the woman and her parents denied previously having the varicella vaccine. A retrospective survey showed that the transmission may have come from a child with zoster following vaccination.