As a complicated systemin eukaryocytes, the ubiquitin systemincludes mainly ubiquitin, 26S proteasome, enzyme E1, enzyme E2 , andenzyme E3. The ubiquitin-proteasome pathway is a major intracellular systemfor extralysosomal protein degradation and plays an important role in various cellular functional regulations. It has been found that many viruses could utilize the ubiquitin systemf or their own survival and reproduction by down-regulating surface immune molecules to escape the host immune responses, regulating viral transcription, inhibiting cellular apoptosis and helping with viral budding and release. Exploring the mechanisms underlying the use of the ubiquitin systemby viruses may provide an alternate view to understand the infection mechanisms and provide new targets for related antiviral therapeutics.