Mycobacterium tuberculosis is an intracellular bacterial infection, macrophages are the parasitic place. Mycobacterium tuberculosis phagocytosis by preventing fusion of lysosomes to reduce macrophage apoptosis, reduced macrophage response sensitivity to stimulate a variety of ways to evade immune surveillance of macrophages and the attacks and in macrophages memory alive and breeding. The macrophage is the main effect of antibacterial immune cells, Mycobacterium tuberculosis has a direct anti-secreted cytokines to immune modulation, presenting the role of bacteria and other antigens. Further study of Mycobacterium tuberculosis on macrophage immune escape mechanisms and the role of macrophages in anti-TB immunity for the study of host immune mechanisms and design of new anti-TB tuberculosis vaccine is important.