After having gone through the bumpy road of the failure of first and second generations of human immunodeficiency virus ( HI V) vaccines , the first beamjust appeared recently . The goal of preventing HIV acquisitionis not unachievable , showing in the combined vaccine trial ( RV144) conducted in Thailand . With the progresses of obtaining better broad-spectrumneutralizing antibody and the development of its rystal structure , full protection achieved by genetic transferring of neutralizing antibodies , mosaic T cell epitope vaccines , as well as replicating viral vector vaccines , it is possible to achieve higher efficacy of vaccine protection. With the support of National Science and Technology Key Projects , scientists in the China HIV Vaccine Initiative are conducting innovative HI V vaccine research and also possible to make a big leap f orward , if seized the opportunity of international collaboration at the global and regional level .