The interaction between fungal pathogens and host frequently results in morphological changes, such as hyphae formation. It is important for fungus to adapt and survive the harsh environment of host. Cryptococcus is an encapsulated yeast species that can cause cryptococcosis. Natural infection begins with inhalation of cryptococcal spores. The enlargement of capsule and formation of giant cells may be the defence strategy that allows Cryptococcus to resist and evade host immune response. Understanding the association between morphological changes and pathogenicity can help us to improve clinical diagnosis and therapy of this disease.