Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a conditional pathogen and the leading species isolated from hospitalacquired infections. With the increasing and unrational usage of antibiotics , the resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to β-lactam antibiotics has gradually increased, and then the anti-infection therapy in hospitals becomes even more difficult. The resistance mechanism of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to β-lactam antibiotics is complex, including natural and acquired drug-resistance. In this paper, the recent researches on mechanisms of resistance to β-lactam antibiotics and transmission of Pseudomonas aeruginosa are reviewed.