Staphylococcus epidermidis (S. epidermidis) is one of the common opportunistic pathogens causing nosocomial infections. Although it is known that the bacteria can form biofilms by adhering to indwelling medical devices there is no optimal animal model for in ν1νo study. To establish an animal model for biofilm infection , the serum samples from several animal species were collected and their inhibitory effects on in vitro S. epidermidis (ATCC RP62A) biofilm formation were observed. New Zealand white rabbit was selected as the leading candidate for its relatively weaker inhibition on biofilm formation. Dishes cut from 96-well plates were sterilized and implanted subcutaneously , followed by injection of 1 ml (109 CFU/ mJ) bacteria in situ. Biofilms formed on the dishes in the New Zealand white rabbit model after 72 h shared morphological similarity with that formed in νitro observed under confocal laser scanning microscope and scanning electron microscope. Furthermore, the effect of vancomycin against S. epidermidis biofilm fomation in viνo was investigated. The results showed that the viable bacterial cells in biofilm treated with vancomycin (8μg/ml， local injection) was significantly lower ( P< 0.01) than that in non-treatment group. The New Zealand white rabbit model for S. epidermidis biofilm formation was established. This model can be used for the observation of biofilm morphology and evaluation of effectiveness of antimicrobial treatment ln νiνo.