Pyroptosis is a new form of programmed cell death depending on cysteinyl aspartate specific proteinase 1 (caspase-1). Inflammasome plays a significant role in regulating pyroptosis. Intracellular pattern recognition proteins such as nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor (NLR) and absent in melanoma 2 (AIM2) act to their ligands and promote the assembly of inflammasome as well as the activation of caspase-1/caspase-11, then induce pyroptosis. The in-depth research on the mechanisms and correlation between pyroptosis and inflammasome contributes to the understanding of the occurrence and development of pyroptosis-related inflammatory diseases.