Elizabethkingia meningoseptica (EM), a non-fermented Gram-negative bacterium, is one of the most important pathogens of nosocomial infection. The detection rate has been on the rise in recent years. The susceptible people mainly include the patients with basic diseases, immunodeficiency or deficiency, long-term use of antibiotics, invasive procedures, and so on. EM could cause meningitis, bacteremia, lung infections, eye infections, etc. Its multi-drug resistance has burdened the clinical treatment. Animals could also be infected by EM, like frogs, fish, turtles, pigs, dogs and others. The biological characteristics, infection types, detection methods and risk factors are analyzed in the present paper, which would offer a new insight of EM. Hospitals should focus on the detection, drug resistance and pathogenesis of EM, which would provide the reference for prevention and control of nosocomial infection.