随着耐药菌在世界范围内不断传播，应用噬菌体作为有效的抗生素替代疗法重新受到研究者的关注。另一方面，人体微生物群与宿主健康的相互作用研究不断深入，靶向调控微生物群来影响人体健康成为多项研究的关注焦点，利用噬菌体靶向降低与疾病发展正相关的特征性细菌的丰度，成为肿瘤、酒精性肝病及糖尿病等非感染性疾病更精准的预防或辅助治疗策略。本文对噬菌体疗法在感染性和非感染性疾病中的应用进展进行了综述。

With the worldwide spread of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria, phage therapy has attracted renewed attention as an effective alternative to antibiotics. On the other hand, with the development of research on the interactions between human microbiota and the host, a number of studies have focused on regulating the microbiota to affect human health. The use of phages to reduce the abundance of characteristic bacteria positively associated with disease progression has become a more precise prevention or adjuvant treatment strategy for non-infectious diseases such as cancer, alcoholic liver disease and diabetes. In this paper, the progress of phage therapy applications in infectious and non-infectious diseases was reviewed.