严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2(severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, SARS-CoV-2)及其变异毒株引发的疫情给全球的公共卫生安全带来了极大的挑战。尽管现阶段各国已进入后疫情时代，但目前面临的新的危机是SARS-CoV-2感染后给患者造成的长期影响，主要表现为呼吸、神经、精神、心血管和消化等系统的症状，部分患者的症状包括并发症可持续数月甚至数年，被称之为长新冠(long COVID)或后COVID-19综合征。在未来数年，这些症状可能会显著地影响患者的生活质量，增加社会医疗保健成本，给家庭和社会造成巨大负担。因此研究新型冠状病毒肺炎患者在恢复期的长期健康状况及其动态变化规律至关重要。

Global public health is facing great challenges due to the infection caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2) and its mutated strains. Although we have entered the post-pandemic era, a new crisis is the long-term effects of SARS-CoV-2 infection, which can involve multiple organs, mainly manifested by pulmonary, neuropsychiatric, cardiovascular and gastrointestinal symptoms. In some coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients, symptoms including complications can last for months or even years, which is called long COVID-19. In the future, long COVID may significantly affect patients’ quality of life and social healthcare costs as the number of recovering patients increases dramatically, further placing a huge burden on families and society. Therefore, it is very important to study the long-term health status and dynamic changes of COVID-19 patients during the recovery period.