本文旨在通过检测30例2009甲型H1N1流行性感冒（A/H1N1/2009流感）患者经奥司他韦治疗前、后血清中细胞因子的变化特点，探讨其可能的发病机制。30例患者分别设为奥司他韦治疗前组和治疗后组，另选取健康志愿者20例为对照组。采用酶联免疫吸附试验，检测患者血清白细胞介素10（IL-10）、IL-2、IL-8及γ干扰素(IFN-γ)水平。结果显示，A/H1N1/2009流感患者治疗前组血清中IL-10、IL-2、IFN-γ及 IL-8水平均较对照组显著升高（P <0.05）；治疗后组血清中IL-10、IL-2、IL-8水平仍较对照组显著升高（P <0.05），但IFN-γ水平较对照组变化不显著（P >0.05）。A/H1N1/2009流感患者治疗前、后组比较，IL-10水平变化不显著（P >0.05）；与治疗前组相比，治疗后组中IL-2、IFN-γ 显著降低，而IL-8水平显著升高（P <0.05）。结果提示， IL-10、 IL-2、IFN-γ和IL-8 均可能与A/H1N1/2009流感发病机制有关，IL-2、IL-8和IFN-γ可能参与奥司他韦的抗A/H1N1/2009流感机制。

The paper aimed to study the mechanism of 2009 influenza type A H1N1 (A/H1N1/2009) by detecting the levels of serum cytokines in patients with influenza A/H1N1/2009 before and after oseltamivir treatment. Twebty healthy volinteers were selected as control and 30 patients with influenza A/H1N1/2009 were divided into before oseltamivir treatment group (BTG) and after oseltamivir treatment group (ATG). The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to detect the levels of interleukin 10 (IL-10), IL-2, IL-8 and interferon γ (IFN-γ) in serum. The results were shown as follows. The serum levels of IL-10, IL-2, IL-8 and IFN-γ in BTG were significantly higher than those in the control group (P<0.05). Compared with those in the contol group, the serum levels of IL-10, IL-2 and IL-8 in ATG were also significantly higher (P<0.05), while the level of IFN-γ was not significant (P>0.05). The levels of IL-10 did not change significantly between BTG and ATG (P>0.05). Compared with those in BTG, the levels of IL-2 and IFN-γ in ATG were significantly decreased（P<0.05）, however the level of IL-8 was significantly higher （P<0.05）. The results suggest that IL-10, IL-2, IL-8 and IFN-γ may be related with the pathogenesis of A/H1N1/2009 influenza; IL-2, IL-8 and IFN-γ may be involved in antiviral mechanism of oseltamivir.