采用共有序列简并杂合寡核苷酸引物聚合酶链反应(CODEHOP PCR) 体系和商品化RV12 试剂盒对急性呼吸道感染患儿下呼吸道标本中的副黏病毒科病毒进行检测, 比较CODEHOP PCR 与RV12 试剂盒检测结果的符合率和敏感度，观察CODEHOP PCR 在临床呼吸道标本中对副黏病毒诊断的应用价值，进一步探讨具备检测己知呼吸道病毒和未知新病毒特点的CODEHOP PCR 在呼吸道疾病谱和未知潜在呼吸道病毒诊断中的推广价值。采集2011 年上海市儿童医院因急性呼吸道感染住院的患儿下呼吸道标本572 份，分别采用2 种方法对副黏病毒进行检测。CODEHOP PCR 检测出阳性标本113 例，阳性率为19.76% ;RV12 试剂盒检测出阳性标本102 例，阳性率17.83%；2 种方法检测符合率为85.39% 。以10 倍倍比稀释呼吸道合胞病毒A(RSVA) 感染的细胞收获液，检测结果显示， CODEHOP PCR 和RV12 试剂盒检测下限分别为10^{- 8} 和10 ^{- 6} 。DEHOP PCR 具备简便、易操作和测序精度高等特点，适合疾病预防系统和临床检验科使用。该方法与些新兴的高通量快速分子诊断技术结合，可提高检测灵敏度，具有高通量、快速检测和筛查未知新病毒的优势，在呼吸道病原体检测领域值得进一步优化和推广。

The present paper aims to compare the sensitivity , specificity and accordance rate of consensusdegenerate hybrid oligonucleotide primer polymerase chain reaction (CODEHOP PCR) technique and commercial kit in diagnosis of paramyxovirus infection in clinical specimens and to further evaluate the value of CODEHOP PCR assay in detection of known and novel respiratory viruses. A total of 572 specimens from lower respiratory tract were collected from Children' Hospital of Shanghai inpatients with acute respiratory infections during 2011. These specimens were analyzed by CODEHOP PCR and commercial RV12 kit for the detection of paramyxoviruses, including known parainfluenza virus type 1 (PIV-1) , PIV-2 , PIV-3 , respiratory syncytial virus A (RSVA) , RSVB, human metapneumovirus (HMPV) and novel viruses. The results showed that 102 out of 572 specimens (19.76%) were detected positive by the RV12 kit, and 113 were detected positive by CODEHOP PCR. The accordance rate of the two methods was 85.39%. CODEHOP PCR is more sensitive than RV12 kit in detecting RSVA infection in cell culture. The study suggests that CODEHOP PCR is a powerful technique for the identification of paramyxoviruses in clinical specimens. It can be optimized by combining with some new techniques, and is worthy of application in the future.