人乳头瘤病毒16 型(HPV16)E5 蛋白具有特殊的生物学活性，在宫颈癌发生过程中起重要作用。 HPV16 E5 蛋白具有转化活性并可增强E6 和E7 蛋白的致癌活性。E5 蛋白的转化活性主要通过上皮生长因子受体(EGFR) 信号上调发挥作用。近年来还发现， HPV16 E5 蛋白是影响免疫系统和炎症通路的关键因子，可能成为宫颈癌治疗的一个靶标。本文就HPV16 E5 蛋白当前的研究进展进行综述。

E5 protein of human papillomavirus type 16 plays an important role in cervical carcinogenesis. It has a direct transformation function through up-regulation of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) pathway , and also contributes to the transformation function of E6 protein and E7 protein. In recent years, it has been found that HPV16 E5 protein affects some immunological factors and some key factors in inflammatory pathway. It is a leading therapeutic target for cervical cancer. Current research progress on HPV16 E5 protein is reviewed in this paper.