手足口病在国内外己造成多次大流行，并发神经系统损害者后果较重，病死率较高。肠道病毒71 型 (EV7 1)是重症手足口病的主要病原体。为获得有效的药物及疫苗，针对EV71 的感染机制和致病性，国内外学者采用体外培养细胞、实验动物等进行实验研究。本文就EV71 感染所致手足口病神经系统损害的研究中所用离体细胞和小鼠模型作一综述，以期为该领域的研究提供帮助。

Enterovirus 71 (EV71) infection leads to hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) and neurological complications. It has caused many pandemics worldwide. In order to develop effective medicines and vaccines to treat HFMD caused by EV71, the researchers have been studying EV71 pathogenesis using susceptible cells and experimental animals. The in νitro and in vivo models are summarized in this paper.