采用实时荧光聚合酶链反应（PCR）检测性病患者泌尿生殖道沙眼衣原体，进行临床和实验室分析。采集380例男女性病患者泌尿生殖道分泌物，进行多形核白细胞数检测和荧光PCR。结果显示，216例男性患者中，尿道多形核白细胞数≥5个者占92.6%，荧光PCR检测沙眼衣原体阳性62例，阳性率为28.70%，沙眼衣原体合并淋病奈瑟菌感染30例，合并感染率为13.98%。164例女性患者中，87例宫颈管内多形核白细胞数≥10个（占53.0%），荧光PCR检测沙眼衣原体阳性33例（占20.1%）。结果提示，性病门诊开展实时荧光PCR检测沙眼衣原体，可提高检测的阳性率和控制沙眼衣原体的传播。

The clinical and laboratory analysis of 380 urogenital tract secretion samples from sexually transmitted diseases patients for Chlamydia trachomatis detection was performed by polymorphonuclear leukocyte count and fluorescent real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The results showed that of 216 male patients 92.6% presented urethral polymorphonuclear leukocyte count ≥5, and 62 cases (28.70%) were Chlamydia trachomatis-positive detected by PCR. There were 30 case with Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrheae coinfection (13.98%). Of 164 female patients, 53.0% presented cervical canal polymorphonuclear leukocyte count ≥10, and 33 cases (20.1%) were Chlamydia trachomatis-positive detected by PCR. The results indicate that the application of real-time fluorescent PCR can improve positive detection rate of Chlamydia trachomatis and control its spread in sexually transmitted disease clinics.