Abstract：To investigate the positive rate, distribution and drug resistance of mycobacteria in clinical specimens of AIDS patients, to provide with reference for clinical diagnosis and treatment. Between January 2010 and December 2019, the clinical specimens of AIDS patients in a hospital in Guangxi were cultured with acid-fast bacilli, and the drug resistance test was conducted with more than 8 anti-tuberculosis drugs after isolation and identification. The overall positive rate of acid-fast bacilli culture was 15.68% (2163/13795)，of which the positive rate was high with pus, secretions, various tissue specimens, pleural effusion, and ascites. After species identification, mycobacteria tuberculosis compound group accounted for 77.95% (1442/1850), non-tuberculosis mycobacterium (NTM) accounted for 22.05% (408/1850). The latter accounted for 15.71% - 26.07% over 10 years, with no statistically significant difference between years (χ2=10.442，p>0.05). The total drug resistance rate of acid-fast bacilli was 23.30% (336/1442), the difference over a 10-year period is statistically significant (χ2=18.901, p= 0.026), of which the rate of resistance to isoniazid, rifampicin, streptomycin, ofloxacin, ethambutol, p-aminosalicylic acid, kanamycin was 12.14% (175/336), 10.54% (152/336), 9.29% (134/336), 5.62% (81/336), 3.05% (44/336), 1.80% (26/336), 1.32% (19/336), respectively. The prevalence of MDR-TB, XDR-TB was 5.48% (79/336), 0.28% (4/336), respectively. The study confirmed that the positive rate of mycobacteria isolated from clinical specimens of HIV / AIDS patients is high, of which NTM accounts for a high proportion, and the drug resistance rate of Mycobacterium tuberculosis to commonly used anti-tuberculosis drugs is high. It is suggested that clinical Mycobacterium identification and drug resistance test should be carried out to provide a reliable basis for clinical diagnosis and treatment.
Chanda-Kapata P, Kapata N, Klinkenberg E, et al.The prevalence of HIV among adults with pulmonary TB at a population level in Zambia[J].BMC Infect Dis, 2017, 17(1):236-239
