Biogenesis and physiological functions of outer membrane vesicles triggered by antibiotics in gram-negative bacteria
YANG Yi1, LIU Yangming1, WEI Yalu1, ZHANG Zhengyue1, QIN Jinhong2, CAI Mufeng2
1. Grade 2018 Five-year Clinical Medicine Program, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China; 2. Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
Abstract：Outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) are spherical nanoparticles secreted by gram-negative bacteria, which are composed of outer membrane and bacterial components. These nanoparticles are secreted by bacteria under external pressure conditions, such as antibiotics, anaerobic and other adverse environments. These nanoparticles have special physiological activities in vivo. Some gram-negative bacteria secrete OMVs even during normal life cycle. OMVs play an important role in many physiological processes, such as response to stress, toxin transfer, pathogenicity, intercellular communication, immune regulation, gene transfer and maintenance of microbiota homeostasis, etc. When we use antibiotics, the microbiota is passively exposed to low doses of antibiotics, which results in the secretion of a large amount of OMVs. The release of OMVs will damage the intestine and induce various inflammations. The present paper reviewed the structure, production and physiological functions of OMVs and suggested that antibiotic exposure not only destroyed the normal flora but also led to the production of OMVs to induce chronic inflammations. Phage therapy does not destroy the normal flora, nor does it cause OMV releasing when killing the target bacteria. Therefore, the development of phage therapy targeting host bacteria will greatly reduce the side effects in treating infectious diseases.
杨逸1，刘洋名1，魏亚鹿1，张正越1，秦金红2，蔡慕枫2. 抗生素诱导革兰阴性菌外膜囊泡产生及发挥生理作用的机制[J]. 微生物与感染, 2022, 17(2): 94-101.
YANG Yi1, LIU Yangming1, WEI Yalu1, ZHANG Zhengyue1, QIN Jinhong2, CAI Mufeng2. Biogenesis and physiological functions of outer membrane vesicles triggered by antibiotics in gram-negative bacteria. JOURNAL OF MICROBES AND INFECTIONS, 2022, 17(2): 94-101.
2022, Vol. 17 
