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::: Office ::: Online Submission Manuscript Tracking Peer Review Editor Work Office Work Editor-in-chief   ::: Journal ::: Forthcoming Articles Current Issue Next Issue Archive Email Alert   Read Articles Download Articles   Quick Search       Advanced Search         2019 Vol.14 No.3 Published 2019-06-25 Invited paper Original Article Review ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 886KB] ( 689 )   Original Article 137 WU Huaye, MOU Tangwei, XU Xingli, FENG Xiao, WANG Lichun, FAN Shengtao, LI Qihan Impacts of us3 gene deletion on virulence and anti-apoptotic function of herpes simplex virus type 1 M3 strain with deletion of ul7, ul41 and LAT genes of herpes simplex virus 1 type (HSV-1) was constructed by CRISPR/Cas9 system. M4 strain was obtained by deletion of us3 on the basis of M3 mutant. The purpose of this study was to analyze the differences between McKrae, M3 and M4 strains in attenuation and anti-apoptosis. The results showed that there were obvious clinical symptoms in McKrae group, and 100% of the mice died (P<0.001). No clinical symptoms were found in M3 and M4 groups. The viral load in M4 group was significantly lower than that in McKrae and M3 groups. Pathological examination showed that there were some phenomena such as arachnoid hemorrhage and glial nodules in McKrae group, but no pathological damage was found in M3 and M4 groups. The expression of inflammatory factors in M4 group was significantly lower than that in McKrae and M3 groups (P<0.01). High levels of neutralizing antibodies, interferon γ (IFN-γ) and interleukin 4 (IL-4) antigen-specific T cells were observed in M4 group compared with M3 group after immunization. M4 group had lower viral load than the control and M3 groups when McKrae was re-infected. In Jurkat cells, M4 strains could significantly induce apoptosis compared with McKrae and M3 strains. 2019 Vol. 14 (3): 137-145 [Abstract] ( 72 ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 10864KB] ( 522 ) 146 ZHOUXin, LONG Jianer Preliminary study on the effect of bacterial lipopolysaccharide on EV71 infection Enterovirus 71 (EV71) infection mainly causes hand-foot-mouth disease (HFMD) in infants and young children. There are many commensal bacteria in the environment of viral infection. It was reported that lipopolysaccharide (LPS) plays an important role in some enterovirus infections. This study aims to investigate the effects of LPS on EV71 infection. EV71 was co-incubated with LPS to determine its impact on the viral viability and infectivity. Results showed that LPS-incubated EV71 lost their viability slower than that of the EV71 control in a LPS concentration-dependent manner. In contrast, the infectivity of EV71 decreased when the virus was pretreated by LPS. The immunoblotting assay showed that LPS could bind with EV71 competitively with anti-VP1. EV71 from HFMD patients can be detected by anti-E.coli antibodies. The observations indicated that LPS can increase the thermal stability of EV71 and inhibit viral infection. Both effects might be ascribed to the capability of LPS binding with the virus. 2019 Vol. 14 (3): 146-152 [Abstract] ( 79 ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 1489KB] ( 663 ) 153 GUO Yameng1, HOU Linlin1, SHEN Danfeng1, ZOU Lin1, WANG Lei1, LI Tiansheng1, SUN Guiqin2, CHEN Li1 Identification and analysis of an alpha galactosidase(EmGalase) acting on species-differentiated epitopes Through a functional genomic analysis for glycosidase, we identified a candidate alpha galactosidase in the genome of Elizabethkingia meningoseptica. The gene was cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli (E.coli). The purified protein was subjected to assays with synthetic p-nitrophenol (pNP) substrates for its enzymatic properties. The results indicated that it had alpha-linked galactose (α-Gal) substrate specificity. The optimum pH was between 3.0 and 8.0, and the optimum temperature was between 4 and 45 ℃. Further assays with oligosaccharide substrates and Mass Spectrometry analysis found that this enzyme could digest the terminal α-1，3/1，4/1，6Gal, respectively. In addition, we also demonstrated that the enzyme can efficiently remove the terminal Galα1-3Gal antigen presented on porcine erythrocytes to alleviate hyperacute immune rejection in heterologous blood transfusion. As terminal alpha galactose modification plays an important biological role in immunity and infection, the reported alpha galactosidase may serve as a new tool for research in this field. 2019 Vol. 14 (3): 153-162 [Abstract] ( 61 ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 6373KB] ( 739 ) 163 QU Lei, YANG Liu, WANG Libin, YANG Junlan, XIE Yun Clinical analysis of listeriosis in 18 neonates The aim of this paper was to describe the clinical characteristics, treatment, and outcomes of neonatal Listeria infection. A total of 18 cases of perinatal listeriosis treated in Northwest Women’s and Children’s Hospital from May 2011 to April 2018 were included. Maternal history, perinatal events, clinical features, laboratory findings, treatment and prognosis were retrospectively reviewed. The results showed that 15 of the 18 mothers had clinical symptoms, such as fever and irregular abdominal pain. 13 newborns had clinical symptoms, mostly with respiratory distress and fever. 89% of the newborns developed bacteremia (61% with meningitis and 28% with pneumonia). Imaging examination indicated that 56% of the survival neonates had neurologic sequelae and 50% were likely to have congenital heart disease. Anti-infection medications were adjusted in 14 cases after the diagnosis of septicemia. All the pregnant women had a good prognosis. The neonates were discharged after recovery except one who gave up treatment and three whose parents requested for discharge. As listeriosis is a serious infectious disease in neonates, pregnant women with fever, abdominal pain and preterm labor should be alert to listeria infection, and early detection and targeted treatment can help improve the prognosis. 2019 Vol. 14 (3): 163-171 [Abstract] ( 56 ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 740KB] ( 724 ) 172 LI Ming, CHEN Run, GE Wenxue, YAO Mengyi, ZHANG Xuelian Construction of EF4 deletion mutant in Mycobacterium tuberculosis EF4 encoded by lepA gene is an elongation factor related to protein translation. To study the function of EF4 in Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tuberculosis), a lepA gene knockout strain was constructed in this study. The whole genome DNA of M. tuberculosis H37Ra was used as a template to amplify the left and right arms of lepA gene respectively by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The fragments were cloned into p0004S plasmid to construct homologous recombinant p0004S-ΔlepA plasmid. p0004S-ΔlepA plasmid was cloned into phAE159 plasmid by phage packaging in vitro to construct a phAE159-ΔlepA phage packaging plasmid. The phage was amplified in M. smegmatis mc2155 and infected M. tuberculosis for homologous recombination. The positive colonies were selected and the EF4 protein were detected. The PCR results showed that lepA gene in the knockout strain was successfully replaced by the hygromycin resistance gene and the results of Western blotting showed that there was no EF4 expression in the knockout strain, indicating that RaΔlepA strain was successfully constructed. Growth curve analysis showed that lepA knockout in M. tuberculosis had no phenotype change under the normal growth conditions. Comparing to the wild-type strain, colonies of RaΔlepA had yellowish color and thicker protrusions. Stress resistance analysis showed that there was no difference in heat resistance, detergent resistance and oxidant resistance between the wild-type strain and RaΔlepA strain, but RaΔlepA strain had enhanced ability to withstand acidic environment. 2019 Vol. 14 (3): 172-179 [Abstract] ( 69 ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 8665KB] ( 467 )   Review 180 ZHENG Kang1, LIU Anyuan1,2, WU Yimou1 Vaccine development for syphilis Syphilis is a sexually transmitted infection caused by Treponema pallidum subsp. Pallidum (T. pallidum), Over 90% of syphilis cases occur in low- and middle-income countries. Studies indicated that elimination of T. pallidum requires enhanced public health screening, treatment and vaccination. This article provides an overview of the need for development of a syphilis vaccine, summarizes the information and delivery system and candidate antigens in development, and analyzes the development strategies for T. pallidum vaccine. 2019 Vol. 14 (3): 180-184 [Abstract] ( 68 ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 486KB] ( 560 ) 185 ZHAO Yun1, WANG Lei2, GUO Yameng2, CHEN Li2, TANG Hui3 Principle of digital polymerase chain reaction and its application in infectious diseases Digital polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is an emerging technology for quantitative analysis of nucleic acids, employing the same fluorescence chemistry as quantitative PCR (qPCR) but different mathematical principles to achieve absolute quantification of target nucleic acid sequences, without the reliance on external references such as standard curve. This technology is both conceptually simple and extremely robust in terms of assay performance, including increased sensitivity, precision, reproducibility and repeatability. Digital PCR technology has been widely used in life science research and applications. In the field of medical testing, digital PCR provides accurate quantification of disease-related nucleic acid biomarkers, enabling early diagnosis of diseases, monitoring of disease progression and evaluation of therapeutic efficacy as well. The emergence of digital PCR will push the medical testing into the stage of precise quantification. Here we review the progress and cutting edge of digital PCR technology, especially droplet digital PCR technology in the field of infectious diseases. 2019 Vol. 14 (3): 185-192 [Abstract] ( 114 ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 1130KB] ( 646 ) Reader Login Author Center Online Submission Author Instruction Layout Art Copyright Agreement News More >>   Other Journal

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