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::: Office ::: Online Submission Manuscript Tracking Peer Review Editor Work Office Work Editor-in-chief   ::: Journal ::: Forthcoming Articles Current Issue Next Issue Archive Email Alert   Read Articles Download Articles   Quick Search       Advanced Search         2023 Vol.18 No.2 Published 2023-04-25 Original Article Case Analysis Review ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 3030KB] ( 177 ) 75 SHEN Yinfang1，XU Xuebin2，GONG Jingyu1，LI Gang3，ZHAO Yan3 Analysis of clinical epidemiological features and antimicrobial resistance of nontyphoidal Salmonella infections in children from Jinshan Hospital in Shanghai during 2018 and 2021 To explore the clinical features and pathogenic characterization of the obviously increasing paediatric cases caused by nontyphoidal Salmonella (NTS) in recent years, the present study retrospectively analyzed the clinical features, distribution of serovars, and antimicrobial resistance of NTS in the infected children in Jinshan Hospital of Fudan University between January 2018 and December 2021. The difference in these features between before and after the Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) epidemic was also analyzed. The average isolation rate of NTS in paediatric diarrhea cases was 18.1% (110/609), with the rate significantly higher in 2020-2021 (after the beginning of COVID-19) (21.3%，57/268) than in 2018-2019 (15.5%, 53/341, P＝ 0.04). NTS-infected cases were more frequent in the age group of 6 months to 3 years old (80.0%, 88/110), peaking from May to October (84.5%, 93/110). The common clinical symptoms included fever (70.9%) and blood-in-stool (22.7%). The children with NTS infections were administrated with the third-generation cephalosporins, and the therapy mostly lasted for five to seven days. All the cases recovered. The NTS isolates represented 21 serovars, with monophasic variant of S. Typhimurium the commonest (29.1%, 32/110), followed by S. Typhimurium (26.4%, 29/110). Antimicrobial susceptibility testing showed that the resistance rate of NTS isolates to ceftriaxone was 21.8%, while the resistance rates to azithromycin and ciprofloxacin were both very low (8.2% and 6.4%, respectively). 29.1% of the NTS isolates were multidrug-resistant, while 2.7% were resistant to all the tested antibiotics. NTS has become an important pathogen responsible for bacterial inflammatory diarrhea in the children residing in and around Jinshan District of Shanghai. The prevalence of NTS infections is increasing, which is probably associated with the increase of infections caused by S. Typhimurium and its monophasic variant. These NTS isolates show a high resistance rate to the third-generation cephalosporins which are often used in the clinical practice. Therefore, it is necessary to warrant continual surveillance on the changes of epidemiological features and antimicrobial resistance of NTS. 2023 Vol. 18 (2): 75-82 [Abstract] ( 20 ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 1448KB] ( 254 ) 83 JIPAN Agamu, ZHOU Taiguang Clinical characteristics and pathogens analysis of 591 children with urinary tract infection To analyze the clinical characteristics, pathogens and drug sensitivity of children urinary tract infection (UTI), so as to help pediatricians better manage UTI in children, clinical data of 591 hospitalized children with UTI from January, 2014 to February, 2021 were collected and analyzed. The results showed that the incidence of male and female, clinical manifestations and co-exist diseases were statistically significant in different age groups (P<0.05). The common pathogens were mainly E. coli and Enterococcus faecium. The proportion of pathogens in 2014-2017 and 2018-2021 was statistically significant (P<0.05). The enzyme-producing rate of E. coli decreased during 2018 and 2021, and the enzyme-producing strains showed higher drug resistance rate than the non-enzyme-producing strains, and the resistance rate of some antimicrobials decreased in recent years. The drug resistance rate of Enterococcus faecium to gentamycin and levofloxacin was higher than 50%, and the sensitivity rate to daptomycin and macrodantin was higher than 60%. It was concluded that the incidence, clinical manifestations and co-exist diseases in children with UTI varied with ages. In recent years, the proportion of gram-negative bacteria show an upward trend, while the proportion of gram-positive bacteria show a downward trend, and β lactamase-producing E．coli and Enterococcus faecium are resistant to many commonly used antibiotics. 2023 Vol. 18 (2): 83-90 [Abstract] ( 17 ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 712KB] ( 215 ) 91 LI Yunyi1, YANG Yuying1, CUI Xinyi1, FEI Jie2, ZHONG Wenjiang3, LI Shupei1, ZHOU Yanqiu1, CHEN Min1 Genetic characteristics of coxsackievirus B3 strains isolated in Shanghai To explore the dynamic changes and genetic characteristics of coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3) isolated from different sources in Shanghai, the full VP1 sequences of CVB3 isolates from environmental sewage surveillance, healthy children and acute flaccid paralysis (AFP) surveillance were amplified and sequenced in this study. Similarity and phylogenetic analysis of CVB3 isolates in Shanghai and global representative CVB3 strains were performed. The results showed that there were 120 CVB3 strains isolated from different sources in Shanghai from 1989 to 2021, belonging to D and E genotypes. The similarities of nucleotide and amino acid of Shanghai CVB3 isolates were from 78.7% to 100% and from 93.3% to 100.0%, respectively. In 2016, the genotype E CVB3 was firstly isolated from sewage in Shanghai, and it was isolated again in 2021. The nucleotides of genotype E CVB3 isolates from sewage in 2021 were similar to those of CVB3 isolates from hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) cases in Guangdong in 2020. But, Shanghai has no reported infection cases of genotype E CVB3. It is still necessary to have a long-term surveillance for sewage and enterovirus cases to improve the sensitivity of enterovirus surveillance, and provide data support for the diagnosis and treatment of enterovirus-related diseases. 2023 Vol. 18 (2): 91-96 [Abstract] ( 13 ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 2242KB] ( 159 )   Case Analysis 97 XIONG Lijuan1, GUO Jian2 A case of bloodstream infection caused by Campylobacter jejuni A case of bloodstream infection caused by Campylobacter jejuni was reported, and its biological characteristics and possible drug resistance genes was studied to provide scientific laboratory basis for effective clinical treatment of related diseases. The strain isolated from the blood of an elderly female was identified by conventional methods, matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time of flight mass spectrometry(MALDI-TOFMS), sequencing and polymerase chain reaction(PCR). Results show that the isolated strain was Campylobacter jejuni, and it was resistant to ciprofloxacin and tetracycline and sensitive to erythromycin. Three drug resistance genes gyrA, gyrB and tex(O) in Campylobacter jejuni were detected by PCR, which may be related to the results of drug sensitivity test. 2023 Vol. 18 (2): 97-101 [Abstract] ( 17 ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 1109KB] ( 181 ) 102 DU Kun, ZHU Huihua, BAO Lingyun A case of neonatal mycoplasma encephalitis A case of mycoplasma encephalitis in newborn was reported. Sick children was admitted to hospital due to “yellow skin for 3 days”. Fever was observed during the course of illness, and the fever sustained for 22 days with the highest temperature of 39 ℃ after admission to the hospital. The examination of cerebrospinal fluid showed that the white blood cell count and the protein quatification level were obviously increased, and yet the glucose level was obviously decreased. Because of the poor effect from neonatal bacterial meningitis treatment, cerebrospinal fluid was taken for high-throughput gene detection of infectious pathogens, and Ureaplasma urealyticum was detected. Therefore, the patient was diagnosed as U. urealyticum infection. U. urealyticum is the main pathogen of neonatal mycoplasma infection, and the infection was mainly from the vertical transmission of intrauterine infection. The clinical manifestations and spinal fluid changes of mycoplasma encephalitis are pretty similar to those of neonatal bacterial meningitis. The Clinicians should pay attention to the etiological diagnosis, and macrolides can be selected for treatment. 2023 Vol. 18 (2): 102-105 [Abstract] ( 14 ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 635KB] ( 143 )   Review 106 GONG Yating, CAO Yu, WU Shuyan, HUANG Rui Advances in mechanisms of interactions between neutrophil extracellular traps and bacteria Neutrophils can capture and kill pathogens by releasing neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) during anti-infection immunity. NET is a double-edged sword. On the one hand, it can maintain the homeostasis of the body; on the other hand, excessive NET or delayed removal may lead to the occurrence of some diseases. The mechanisms by which bacteria induce and resist NET are different. This article reviews the formation and release of NET and their roles in bacterial infection. 2023 Vol. 18 (2): 106-114 [Abstract] ( 12 ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 1369KB] ( 263 ) 115 LIU Yincong1, 2, ZHANG Yuting2, WANG Yilan2, LIU Min2, WANG Wenxue2, GENG Jiawei2 Research progress on gene-edited intestinal bacteria in the treatment of colorectal cancer Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a common digestive malignant tumor in China. A large number of studies have confirmed that intestinal flora disorders can promote the occurrence and development of CRC through a variety of mechanisms, and regulating intestinal flora can exert certain auxiliary therapeutic effects on CRC. But the treatment still has certain limitations and side effects. Studies have shown that the clinical treatment of CRC by engineered and edited intestinal bacteria through gene editing may have potential application values. In this paper, the current research progress on gene-editing for modifying intestinal bacteria in the treatment of CRC is reviewed, aiming to explore the possibility of gene-edited intestinal bacteria in the treatment of CRC in the future. 2023 Vol. 18 (2): 115-122 [Abstract] ( 16 ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 1702KB] ( 238 ) 123 ZHANG Lingling1, CHENG Tingting2, WANG Chonggang1 Research progress on motility, influencing factors and biological effects of Acinetobacter baumannii Acinetobacter baumannii is a multi-drug resistant opportunistic pathogen. Its pathogenic mechanism is complex and diverse, which has posed a major threat to human health. Therefore, it is imperative to investigate its pathogenic mechanism. Bacterial motility not only plays a role in the migration of bacteria, but is also closely related to virulence, drug resistance, adhesion, chemotaxis and biofilm formation. The lack of flagella caused Acinetobacter baumannii to be thought non-motile for a long time, but further research had revealed that it could move across the wet surface by twitching and surface-associated motility. The factors affecting motility mainly include type IV pili, quorum sensing, efflux pumps, chemotaxis and blue light. This article discussed the motility, influencing factors and biological effects of motility of Acinetobacter baumannii, and provided a reference for its treatment and prevention. 2023 Vol. 18 (2): 123-128 [Abstract] ( 14 ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 717KB] ( 234 ) Reader Login Author Center Online Submission Author Instruction Layout Art Copyright Agreement News More >>   Other Journal

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