目的探讨嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌的耐药情况,为临床医师在按指南和结合临床选择抗菌药物时提供药敏监测资料。方法对我院2001年1月～2007年1月间从我院住院患者下呼吸道标本中分离的嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌临床菌株进行药物敏感性分析。结果2001年1月～2007年1月从我院住院患者下呼吸道标本中共分离出嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌133株。其中,60.2%(80/133)来源于咳痰标本,41株(30.8%)从经气管插管吸引物中分离得到。青霉素类对嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌抗菌活性较差;头孢菌素类药物中,以头孢吡肟的抗菌活性最强,敏感率达88.0%;嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌对各种氨基糖苷类药物的敏感性水平较为接近;氟喹诺酮类药物中,环丙沙星和左旋氧氟沙星敏感度较高,分别为52.6%和63.9%;嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌对亚胺培南耐药性高达91.0%;复方磺胺甲(口恶)唑对嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌具有较强的抗菌活性,敏感度为92.5%。结论下呼吸道标本中嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌对各种药物的耐药性较高,临床医师须参考实验室检验结果及药物敏感试验选择合理的抗菌药物治疗,提高疗效,避免耐药菌的进一步产生。

Objective To explore antimicrobial resistance of lower respiratory tract infection with Stenotrophomonas maltophilia. Methods The ability of Stenotmphomonas maltophilia, isolated from clinical samples in patients with lower respiratory tract infections, to resist 14 antibiotics was measured by VITEK60 GNS from Jan.2001 - Jan.2007.Results During Jan.2001 - Jan.2007, there were133 Stenotrophomonas maltophilia strains isolated from lower respiratory tract specimens. The sensitivity of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia to the antibiotic Penicillin was the poorest. The sensitivity of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia to Cefepime was the highest as was also the case with approximately 88.0% of the Cephalosporins. However, trimethopsulfamethoxazole seemed to produce the greatest sensitivity (approximately 92.5% ) . Conclusion Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, isolated from the lower respiratory tract, is known to be highly resistance to multiple antibiotics. Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazolemay may be the best antibiotic choice for Stenotrophomonas rrraltophilia infections. These results also indicate that Clinicans should choose antibiotics according to results attained through an antibiotic susceptibility test.