向合成细胞迈进:细胞与计算机的复制过程中的遗传问题

唐善﹒安東

微生物与感染 ›› 2009, Vol. 4 ›› Issue (1) : 49-58.

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微生物与感染 ›› 2009, Vol. 4 ›› Issue (1) : 49-58.
综述

向合成细胞迈进:细胞与计算机的复制过程中的遗传问题

  • 唐善﹒安東
作者信息 +

Towards synthetic cells: are cells computers-makingcomputers?

  • Antoine Danchin
Author information +
文章历史 +

摘要

对生命机制的理解预示着人类总有一天能重建细胞。对于生命表征的深入分析显示, 细胞的分裂、繁殖与计算机间的复制非常相似。这要求我们在亚细胞水平上进行分析比较。首先, 细胞必须被看作是一个独立于其遗传物质的机器。在此意义上, 遗传物质在数代间复制, 而机器也可以再生。繁殖是一个可以在子代间累积有用信息的过程, 从大量无用的信息海洋中提取有用信息是一个依赖能量的过程, 并借助能量阻止功能性实体的降解。细菌基因组的分析显示, 核心基因( 即维持必需功能的基因) 负责执行这种类似于棘齿运行的信息累积过程。本文提出, 磷酸化矿物盐类可能是广泛的能量来源。

Abstract

Understanding life supposes that one will, one day, reconstruct cells. A deep analysis of what life is shows that a cell is similar to a computers making computer. This asks for several orginal levels of organisation. First, the cell needs to be seen as a machine separated from the genetic program, which it runs. Over generations the machine reproduces, while the program replicates. Reproduction is a process which is able to accumulate valuable information over generations. Extracting valuable information froman ocean of noise requires an energy-dependent process which uses energy to prevent degradation of functional entities. Analysis of bacterial genomes shows that the core set of genes which persist in most genomes code for the functions needed to perform this process of ratchet-like information accumulation. It also suggests that a mineral, polyphosphates, could be a ubiquitous ( and stable) energy source
essential for the process.

关键词

繁殖与复制 / 信息

Key words

Synthetic cell / Reproduction and replication / Information

引用本文

导出引用
唐善﹒安東. 向合成细胞迈进:细胞与计算机的复制过程中的遗传问题[J]. 微生物与感染. 2009, 4(1): 49-58
Antoine Danchin. Towards synthetic cells: are cells computers-makingcomputers?[J]. Journal of Microbes and Infections. 2009, 4(1): 49-58

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