单核-巨噬细胞具有强大的吞噬功能，在机体固有免疫和适应性免疫中均发挥着重要作用，可以有效地保护宿主免于多种致病菌的感染；细菌在与宿主单核-巨噬细胞的长期相互作用中，逐渐形成了多种逃避杀灭的有效策略，得以在宿主体内存活并增殖。本文从细菌抗巨噬细胞吞噬作用、抗巨噬细胞内吞噬溶酶体降解作用、诱导和抑制巨噬细胞凋亡或坏死四个方面，综述近年来国内外关于细菌逃避单核-巨噬细胞杀灭策略的研究进展。

Mononuclear macrophages, which protect people from many infections, play a pivotal role both in innate and acquired immune system. Meanwhile, in order to cope with the attacks of the macrophages, bacteria have evolved several effective strategies to survive and colonize the host. This paper summarizes various modes that bacteria have evolved to evade the killing by macrophages: （1）antiphagocytosis, （2）anti-degradation of the phagolysosomes, （3） inducing apoptosis or necrosis of the macrophages，and （4）inhibiting apoptosis or necrosis of the macrophages.