在公共卫生层面， 新现或再现疾病的威胁不仅来自病原的不断演化，同样受社会和环境的影响。自然环境的改变在决定疾病模式方面的作用与日俱增，而目前日趋多变的气候加上经济不稳定、战争和自然灾害，更加剧了这一过程。这些因素的共同作用最终导致全球性新现、再现疾病的暴发和疾病分布的变化。......

Public health is influenced by the interactions between social conditions, the environment as much as it is by the evolution of pathogens. Changes in the natural environment are playing an ever-increasing role in determining disease patterns. Today's increasingly variable climate is accelerating this rate of change, often compounded by economic instability, the ravages of war, and natural disasters. Acting together, these factors are the prime contributors to the global emergence, resurgence and redistribution of infectious disease...