细菌对抗菌药的耐药性已成为全球性问题，另一方面，自上个世纪90年代以来，新抗菌药的研发、上市速度明显下降，造成临床无药可用的境地。但近年来国际上研发了一些对耐药菌具抗菌活性的新化合物及进入各期临床试验的新抗菌药。本文对3个新抗菌药telavancin、ceftaroline及fidaxomicin，2011年底在我国上市的替加环素，以及数个进入I到III期新药临床试验的抗菌药进行综述。

Bacterial resistance to antimicrobials has been a global problem. On the other hand, however, the development of new antimicrobials has been markedly decreased since 1990s. We are facing the situation that there is no drug to be used for the treatment of severe infections caused by pan-drug resistant bacteria. But we are happy to see that some new compounds or new drugs at the different phases of clinical trials, which are active against multi-drug resistant bacteria, have been developed in recent years. Three recently FDA approved drugs, telavancin、ceftaroline and fidaxomicin, and tigecyline launched in China at the end of 2011, and several new antimicrobials at phases I to III clinical trials will be reviewed.