柯萨奇病毒B3（CVB3）是一种常见的人类病原体，与多种疾病有关。本研究旨在探讨球毛壳菌代谢产物毛壳素对CVB3在体外培养细胞系中复制的影响。结果显示，毛壳素显著抑制CVB3在体外培养细胞系中的复制。250 nmol/L毛壳素可使CVB3感染的HeLa细胞相对活力从未加毛壳素时的（21.9±1.8）%提高到（70.1±4.3）%。同时，毛壳素处理的HeLa细胞中病毒产量仅为对照组的（5.3±0.8）%，而病毒RNA水平也仅为对照组的（13±8.3）%。毛壳素也可使CVB3感染的Vero细胞相对活力从（64.6±1.7）%提高至（87.2±4.8）%。毛壳素的这种抑制作用可被抗氧化剂N-乙酰半胱氨酸部分抑制。研究毛壳素抑制病毒复制的具体作用机制将有助于新型抗病毒药物的研制。

Coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3) is a common human pathogen associated with many diseases. The present paper aimed to investigate that the inhibitory effect of chaetocin, a metabolite isolated from Chaetomium, on CVB3 replication in vitro. Treatment of HeLa cells with 250 nmol/L chaetocin increased the relative cell viability from (21.9±1.8)% to (70.1±4.3)%, while the production of progeny virus in chaetocin-treated cells was only (5.3±0.8)% of that in untreated cells. The viral RNA level in chaetocin-treated cells was also reduced to about (13±8.3)% of the control. Chaetocin treatment also increased the relative cell viability of CVB3-infected Vero cells from (64.6±1.7)% to (87.2±4.8)%. This inhibitory effect of chaetocin was partially remediated by the antioxidant agent N-acetyl cysteine. Further analysis of the mechanism may help the development of antiviral drug against CVB3 and other enteroviruses.