乳腺癌是全球发病率最高的女性恶性肿瘤。近年来，病毒感染与乳腺癌发生的相关性研究受到关注。人乳头瘤病毒和Epstein­-Barr病毒等多种病毒均在乳腺癌组织中被检出，相关机制研究也支持病毒感染与乳腺癌发生相关这一观点。但目前流行病学研究数据差异较大，对两者相关性的认识存在较大争议。本文总结了相关研究的进展，并分析了目前研究中存在的主要瓶颈问题。

Breast cancer is the most common malignant carcinomas for females in the world. Recently, potential viral factors for breast cancer have been emphasized, as human papillomavirus, Epstein­-Barr virus and the others were detected in breast carcinomas. There is no clear conclusion for the relationship between viruses and breast carcinogenesis for discrepancy among the data reported from different studies. The main obstacles and bottleneck of studies are analyzed in this review.