本文报道1例8月龄婴儿因犬巴斯德菌感染引起的化脓性脑膜炎、脑室管膜炎。患儿因“发热、呕吐5 d，双眼凝视2 d”入院，无明确动物接触史。入院后立即给予敏感抗生素治疗，病情仍持续进展，出现脑疝、中枢性呼吸衰竭，家属放弃继续治疗后死亡。本文着重强调儿童易感染许多成人少见的机会性致病菌，家长应尽量避免让儿童与动物密切接触。

A case of Pasteurella canis meningitis and ependymitis in an 8-­month-­old infant was reported. The patient had a history of 5-­day fever and 2­-day convulsion before the admission, and Pasteurella canis was detected from clinical samples. Although timely treatment with a panel of sensitive antibiotics was administered after hospital admission, the conditions continued to progress with cerebral hemia, central respiratory failure and death. This case demonstrates that a rare bacterial infection may cause serious conditions to infants and parents should keep their children away from potential dangerous situations.