2015年3月，习近平主席亲自指示科技部召开了国家首次精准医学战略专家座谈会。鉴于我国在病原微生物学、免疫学、疫苗学及感染病学中的成就，本文从病因和机体免疫应答方面分析了我国开展精准感染病学的优势并提出主要切入点。通过对免疫基因组学的研究，结合环境因素及生活习惯的综合研究，将对控制感染性疾病作出创新性贡献，这具有全球性的重要价值。

In March of 2015, President Xi assigned the Ministry of Science and Technology to organize the first expert meeting regarding precision medicine. Based on the contribution of Chinese scientists in the field of pathogenic microbiology, immunology, vaccinology and infectious diseases, a proposal on developing precision infectious diseases is presented in this article. While the etiology of infectious diseases is clear, host responses vary markedly, especially in fatal cases. It is proposed that genomic analysis of host immune system together with analysis of environmental factors and life styles may further benefit people for combating infectious diseases, which is of global implication.