2011年中国开始出现猩红热疫情，病例以普通型为主，外科型较少报道。ICE-emm12和ΦHKU.vir是中国香港地区猩红热暴发株中首次发现的2个可移动遗传元件，尚不清楚其是否存在于中国内地的猩红热致病株中。本文报道1例猩红热病例，其咽部和皮肤伤口皆分离出同一克隆株的化脓链球菌，该菌株携带ICE-emm12和ΦHKU.vir，从而证实这2个新元件存在于中国内地的化脓链球菌中。因此，国内有必要对猩红热分离株进行ICE-emm12和ΦHKU.vir检测，以监测致病株在基因水平的变化。

Epidemics of scarlet fever started in China in 2011. Most of the cases were represented by the classic type, while the surgical type was rarely reported. It is unclear whether ICE-emm12 and ΦHKU.vir, the two mobile genetic elements firstly discovered in the strains leading to scarlet fever outbreak in Hong Kong, were carried by the strains in Mainland China. Here we reported a scarlet fever case in Zhejiang which was caused by Streptococcus pyogenes. Strains isolated from the pharynx and skin wound all carried ICE-emm12 and ΦHKU.vir. The result suggests a screening of the two mobile genetic elements in Mainland China for genetic surveillance of scarlet fever.