摘要：本研究旨在了解沙门菌分子特征，揭示其菌株间的亲缘关系，为沙门菌暴发溯源提供一定的依据。利用全基因组测序和生物信息学分析技术，筛选长春市近年来105株沙门菌的毒力基因与耐药基因，并对其进行全基因组单核苷酸多态性(whole genome single nucleotide polymorphism, wgSNP)分型、多位点序列分型(multilocus sequence typing, MLST)分型和全基因组多位点序列分型(complete genome multilocus sequence typing, cgMLST)分型。本研究分析了144个毒力基因，结果显示沙门氏菌毒力岛(Salmonella pathogenicity island, SPI)基因相对稳定，分泌系统外毒力因子随细菌血清型的不同，携带率相差较大；共筛选10 类69种耐药基因，氨基糖苷类（100%）、β-内酰胺酶类（73.33%）、磺胺类（72.38%）耐药基因携带率较高，大环内酯类（6.67%），林可酰胺类耐药基因（0.95%）携带率较低。105株沙门菌的cgST型别和MLST型别完全相同，分为13种，主要流行株肠炎沙门菌（ST11）和沙门菌I 4,[5],12:i:-（ST34）与国际流行株基本位于同一分支。本研究证实了长春市沙门菌携带较稳定的毒力基因及多重耐药基因，主要流行株在不同时间、来源中均有分布，二者分子特征与国外流行株一致，血清型与ST型、cgST型别密切相关。
Abstract
Abstract: The purpose of this study is to understand the molecular characteristics of Salmonella, reveal the genetic relationship among the strains, and provide a certain basis for the origin of Salmonella outbreak. Virulence and drug resistance genes of 105 Salmonella strains isolated from Changchun in recent years had been screened, by whole genome sequencing and bioinformatics methods. The wgSNP, MLST and cgMLST genotyping were performed for 105 Salmonella. 144 virulence genes were analyzed on this study. The results showed that the gene of Salmonella Pathogenicity Island 1 (SPI) was relatively stable.The carrying rate of the virulence factors outside the secretion varied greatly with serotype.69 drug resistance genes of Classes were screened, with high carrying rate of Aminoglycosides (100%) , β-lactams(73.33%) , Sulfonamides (72.38%), and low carrying rate of Macrolides (6.67%) and Lincosamides (0.95%) . The cgST and MLST types of 105 strains of salmonella were identical and divided into 13 species. The major prevalent strains, Salmonella enteritidis (ST11) and Salmonella I 4, [5] , 12: I:-(ST34) , were essentially in the same branch as the international prevalent strains. This study confirmed that Salmonella carries stable virulence genes and multi-drug resistance genes in Changchun. The major prevalent strains were distributed in different time and source. The molecular characteristics of the two strains were consistent with those of the foreign prevalent strains. The serotypes were closely related to ST and cgST types.
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