乙型肝炎病毒(hepatitis B virus，HBV)感染仍然是威胁全球人类生命与健康的重要危险因素。虽然目前的抗病毒治疗药物在控制乙型肝炎进展有显著疗效，但却始终无法达到根治HBV感染的目标。HBV共价闭合环状DNA(HBV cccDNA)是HBV转录复制的原始模板，也是HBV持续感染的关键因素。但由于缺少有效的完全清除HBV cccDNA的治疗方法，慢性乙型肝炎患者需长期服药以防治疗后停药复发。研究证实HBV cccDNA的转录受表观遗传机制调控，其中cccDNA甲基化、组蛋白修饰、miRNA、染色质重塑等均影响HBV cccDNA的功能。本文就HBV表观遗传调控的最新研究进展进行综述。

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection remains a significant public health problem worldwide. Current therapies have made great progress for the controlling of liver disease progression and its detrimental clinical sequelae. However, the lack of curativeness of current antiviral therapies is attributed to their inability to eliminate HBV covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA), which serves as a key factor in maintaining the persistent form of the viral genome and transcription template for virus reproduction, leading to chronic hepatitis B patients requiring long-term medication or relapse after treatment. Previous studies have confirmed that the transcription from HBV cccDNA is regulated by epigenetic mechanism, including cccDNA methylation, histone modification, microRNAs, chromatin remodeling and other aspects. In this review, we summarize the latest progress on epigenetic regulation of HBV from the related aspects.