耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌(methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus Aureus, MRSA)已成为一种越来越具有侵袭性和流行性的病原菌。通过染色体介导、质粒转移、基因表达调控和主动外排系统等途径，MRSA对包括万古霉素在内的多种抗生素产生了抗药性。从生态学和进化的角度来考虑，仅仅通过利用抗生素本身来解决耐药性的困境是不够的。这就迫使人们去寻找一类完全不同于化学药物治疗MRSA感染的机制。随着对免疫学和生物学认识的不断深入，基于免疫逃逸、细菌群体感应、基因调控等理论的发现，涌现了一批生物制剂抗MRSA感染的研究，相对于传统的抗生素治疗这是一个全新突破的领域。此外还有传统中草药的研发也提示其在抗MRSA方面存在积极的活力。本综述总结了生物制剂、新型策略化学药物和传统中草药治疗MRSA感染的最新进展，以寻找解决抗生素治疗困境的新线索。

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) has become an increasingly invasive and prevalent pathogen. Due to chromosomal mediation, plasmid transfer, gene expression regulation, and active efflux systems, MRSA is resistant to a variety of antibiotics. When considering the issue from an ecological and evolutionary standpoint of view, it is evident that it is insufficient to solve the antibiotic dilemma only by antibiotics. This has forced people to look for a class of drugs that are completely different from existing antibiotics to treat MRSA. With the new information from immunology and biology, development of biological agents against MRSA infection have emerged. In this review, we summarize the latest advances in the treatment of MRSA infection with biologics, chemicals and traditional Chinese medicines.