水痘­带状疱疹病毒(VZV)属疱疹病毒亚科，即人类疱疹病毒3型，为双链DNA病毒。原发感染可引起具有高度传染性的全球流行性疾病——水痘；潜伏病毒的再激活感染可引发典型的疼痛性皮肤病——带状疱疹及不典型的内脏器官感染。日本和美国分别自1987年和1995年开始实行给全体儿童预防接种水痘减毒活疫苗(vOka)后，两国儿童的水痘发病率和病死率显著降低。但VZV疫苗的不良反应，包括二次传播和突破感染等时有发生，因此有必要研发更为有效、安全的新型疫苗。本文就VZV相关疫苗的有效性、安全性及其新型疫苗的研究进展进行综述。

Varicella­zoster virus (VZV), or human herpes virus type 3, is a member of the Herpesviridae family. VZV causes varicella (chickenpox) as primary infection which is a highly contagious epidemic disease globally. VZV reactivation from latency results in herpes zoster (shingle) which is a painful skin disease. Japan and the United States started to vaccinate all children in 1987 and 1995 respectively, which has reduced varicella­related morbidity and mortality significantly. However, adverse events following administration of vaccine occur occasionally including secondary transmission and breakthrough infections. The research for safer VZV vaccine has been progressing with foreseeable advances.