病毒感染与肥胖发生之间关系的研究在近年来受到关注，尤其是人腺病毒36型（Ad-36）感染。Ad-36抗体的存在与肥胖者体重指数增加具有相关性。体外动物模型和细胞模型实验也支持Ad-36诱导肥胖发生。在肥胖发生机制方面，E4 orf-1基因、脂肪细胞分化的细胞通路受到关注。磷脂酰肌醇3激酶（PI3K）途径被认为在Ad-36引发降血糖作用中发挥重要作用。目前，Ad-36的研究数据仍然有限，其与肥胖发生之间关系的确认仍需更多的流行病学数据和更深入的研究。

The potential connection between human adenovirus type 36 (Ad-36) infection and obesity has received extensive research attentions in recent years. Studies indicated that Ad-36 antibody may be associated with body mass index (BMI) in obesity population, and the results were further confirmed in animal model and in vitro cellular models. Viral E4 orf-1 gene, cellular adipocyte differentiation pathway and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) signaling pathways are current focal points of mechanism studies. Since limited data is available, more epidemiological data and mechanism studies are needed to confirm the relationship between Ad-36 infection and obesity.