【摘要】目的 本研究旨在对宁德地区沙门菌的流行病学特点及分子分型和毒力基因进行分析。方法 选取2015年至2020年宁德地区分离得到的364株沙门菌，统计其流行病学资料，对菌株培养后进行分离鉴定，采用脉冲场凝胶电泳(PFGE)进行分子分型分析，采用常规PCR进行毒力基因检测。结果 流行病学分析结果显示，男性沙门氏菌感染率显著高于女性（P＜0.05），0~10岁年龄组的人群感染率显著高于其他年龄组（P＜0.05）；共分离出22个血清分型，其中鼠伤寒沙门菌、肠炎沙门菌、斯坦利沙门菌位居构成比的前三位，占比分别为57.42%、16.21%、6.87%，为主要的血清型；PFGE分型结果显示364株沙门菌共212种带型，带型相似度为44.52%~100.00%，优势带型为B53，共23株；毒力基因检测结果显示，avrA、ssaQ、sodC1、mgtC、gipA的携带率均为100.00%，ssiD、spoE、spoB的携带率分别为90.66%、94.23%和92.03%，spvC携带率较低，为63.74%。结论 宁德地区沙门菌感染人群多集中在10岁以下的儿童人群，且男性高发，具有一定的遗传多样性，且毒力基因的携带率较高，应对此予以重点关注。

Abstract Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics, molecular typing and virulence genes of Salmonella in Ningde area. Methods 364 Salmonella strains were isolated in Ningde area from 2015 to 2020. The epidemiological data was given statistical analysis, and we isolate and identify the strains after culture, use pulse field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) for molecular typing analysis, and use routine PCR to detect virulence genes. Results The results of epidemiological analysis showed that the infection rate of Salmonella in men was significantly higher than that in women (P<0.05), and the infection rate in the 0~10 age group was significantly higher than that in other age groups (P<0.05). A total of 22 serotypes were isolated. Among them, Salmonella typhimurium,Salmonella enteritidis,Salmonella Stanley were the top three serotypes, accounting for 57.42%,16.21%,6.87%, respectively, which were the main serotypes.The results of PFGE typing showed that 364 strains of Salmonella had 212 bands, the similarity of bands was 44.52%~100.00%, and the dominant bands were B53 with 23 strains.The results of virulence gene test showed that the carrying rate of avrA、ssaQ、sodC1、mgtC、gipA was 100.00%, and that of ssiD、spoE、spoB was 90.66%,94.23% and 92.03%, and that of spvC was 63.74%, respectively. Conclusion Salmonella infection in Ningde area is mostly concentrated in children under 10 years of age, and men have high incidence, have certain genetic diversity, and the carrying rate of virulence genes is high. Attention should be paid to this.