本文建立了蜱传脑炎病毒(tick-borne encephalitis virus，TBEV)感染的动物模型，为筛选抗TBEV药物提供合适的工具。选取BALB/c小鼠，经皮下注射途径接种TBEV，观察其感染症状、体重及生存率。检测小鼠脑、脾、肾组织中TBEV抗原分布、病毒滴度、组织病理和肿瘤坏死因子α(tumor necrosis factor α，TNF-α)、干扰素β(interferon β，IFN-β)mRNA表达水平的动态变化。结果表明，感染小鼠出现弓背、后肢瘫痪的症状；与未感染病毒的小鼠相比，感染小鼠的体重及生存率显著降低；TBEV抗原分布在小鼠的脑、脾、肾组织；脑组织中病毒滴度高且发生病理改变；感染鼠脑、脾、肾组织中TNF-α与IFN-β mRNA的表达水平呈动态变化。本文采用皮下注射攻毒途径成功建立了TBEV感染的BALB/c小鼠模型。

An animal model of tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) infection was established to provide a suitable tool for anti-TBEV drug screening. BALB/c mice were inoculated with TBEV by subcutaneous injection, and their symptoms, body weight and survival rate were observed. TBEV antigen distribution, virus titer, pathological changes and the expression levels of tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) and interferon β (IFN-β) mRNA were investigated in brain, spleen and kidney of the mice. The results showed that the infected mice had symptoms of arched back and hind limb paralysis. The body weight and survival rate of infected mice were significantly decreased as compared with the uninfected mice. TBEV antigen could be detected in the brain, spleen and kidney of infected mice. Virus titers in the brain were higher than those in the spleen and kidney of infected mice, along with the pathological changes in the brain. The expressions of TNF-α and IFN-β mRNA in the brain, spleen and kidney of mice were associated with the duration of TBEV infection. BALB/c mice model of TBEV infection has been established by subcutaneous injection of virus.