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::: Office ::: Online Submission Manuscript Tracking Peer Review Editor Work Office Work Editor-in-chief   ::: Journal ::: Forthcoming Articles Current Issue Next Issue Archive Email Alert   Read Articles Download Articles   Quick Search       Advanced Search         2020 Vol.15 No.6 Published 2020-12-25 Invited paper Original Article Case Analysis Review ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 714KB] ( 307 )   Original Article 345 LI Yiqiang1, ZHANG Yinbo1, ZHU Xinyan1, YAN Chenxi1, WANG Peng1, SUN Guiqin1, YU Hong2 Microflora and drug sensitivity of external auditory canal secretions collected from healthy people with wet ear To understand the quantity, species, and drug sensitivity of bacteria in the external auditory canal of healthy people with wet ear, the secretions of both right and left ears were collected from 38 healthy wet ear people without ear diseases. A total of 76 samples were subjected to standard clinical culture and isolation procedure on LB plates. The total number of colonies were counted, and representative colonies were subjected to species identification (VETEK-2) and drug sensitivity assays (Kirby-Bauer test). The beta-lactamase of penicillin resistant strains was detected by method of cefnithiphene disk. The results showed that the bacterial number in 88.3% of samples were within 1×102 CFU/sample～1×106 CFU/sample. 20 species of bacteria were detected, 97.1% were cocci and 2.9% were bacilli. The top four bacteria were Staphylococcus cephalus, Staphylococcus auriculae, Staphylococcus hominus and Staphylococcus epidermidis. The sensitivity rate to tobramycin, minocycline, vancomycin and furantoin were more than 90.0%, and resistant rate to cotrimoxazole and penicillin was 50%; 25 of 132 Staphylococcus strains were resistant to penicillin and the positive rate of beta-lactamase was 44.0%. 2020 Vol. 15 (6): 345-353 [Abstract] ( 71 ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 915KB] ( 205 ) 354 YANG Siyu1, XU Shuibao1, CHEN Zhong2, ZHANG Wenhong1, JIN Jialin1, CHEN Shu1 Analysis of drug resistance and homology of Carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumonia isolated from bloodstream infection Drug resistance and molecular typing of carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumonia(CRKP)isolated from a bloodstream infection was conducted to provide scientific basis for clinical practice, prevention, and control measures. Non-repetitive Klebsiella pneumoniae strains collected in a Shanghai tertiary hospital from April 2015 to March 2018 were subjected to the study. A total of 51 strains of CRKP were isolated. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was carried out, the carbapenemase genes were detected by PCR, and the homology was analyzed by Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) and multilocus sequence typing (MLST). The analysis result showed that the CRKP strains were multi-resistant to antibiotics and blaKPC-2 gene were detected in all strains. Producing blaKPC-2 is a major resistant mechanism to carbapenems for Klebsiella pneumoniae. The results of PFGE typing showed there were dominant clones in this hospital, with ST11 being the main type (84.31%). The results indicated that surveillance of bacterial resistance is an effective control for hospital infection management. 2020 Vol. 15 (6): 354-359 [Abstract] ( 70 ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 3168KB] ( 232 ) 360 JING Sha1, MA Zelin1, ZHAO Chao1, 2 Transcriptomics analysis reveals the up regulation of lipid synthesis by HBsAg Although potential association of hepatitis B virus (HBV) gene products and cellular lipid metabolism have been reported, the molecular interaction between hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and lipid metabolism remains unclear. This study revealed a regulatory mechanism of HBsAg on lipid metabolism through the analysis of cell transcriptome. The cell line HepG2-S-G2 stably expressing HBsAg and the control cell line HepG2-neo-F4 were selected for transcriptome analysis. The results showed that the genes involved in lipid metabolism were significantly changed, suggesting up-regulation of lipid synthesis pathways and down-regulation of lipid degradation pathways in host cells by HBsAg. The expression difference of two key differential genes, OXCT1 and CYP4F3 were confirmed by quantitative PCR for mRNA and western blot for proteins. To verify the phenotype on lipids, the two cell lines were stained with oil red O and the levels of fatty acid and total cholesterol were detected. The result demonstrated that the lipid droplet in HepG2-S-G2 cells was more obvious while the non-esterified fatty acid and total cholesterol were significantly increased. We also found that the extracellular HBsAg was dramatically reduced when stably transfected cells with HBV were treated with lipid-lowering method. These results revealed that HBsAg could up-regulate lipid metabolism and promote lipid synthesis, suggesting that the decrease of lipid may be an effective way to inhibit HBsAg. 2020 Vol. 15 (6): 360-369 [Abstract] ( 103 ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 6709KB] ( 208 ) 370 YANG Dequan1, JU Houbin1, GUAN Qiyi2, GE Feifei1, LI Xin1, SHEN Haixiao1, ZHAO Hongjin1, WANG Jian1, ZHOU Jinping1 Sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of ORF3, ORF7 and S2 gene of three feline coronavirus in Shanghai In order to understand the molecular characteristics of a feline infectious peritonitis virus (FIPV) isolated in Shanghai, genes encoding three non-structural proteins ORF3 (3a, 3b and 3c), ORF7 (7a and 7b) and S2 of three FIPV strains were amplified by RT-PCR, sequenced and analyzed. On ORF3a, ORF3b and ORF3c substitutional mutations leading to amino acid changes were identified. On ORF7a gene, mutations were found at the 47th amino acid. A 3 nt deletion in ORF7b gene was identified in one strain. At the S1/S2 cleavage site of the S gene, there were continuous R-R-S/A-R-R-S sequence modules, which were consistent with the protein sequence characteristics of the FIPV cleavage site. The methionine was replaced by leucine at 1 045th amino acid in all samples. The phylogenetic tree showed that the sequences of FIPV ORF3c, ORF7b and S2 genes were closely related to serotype Ⅰ strains, indicating that the three strains belonged to serotype Ⅰ. The mutations in S genes may be involved in the change of tissue tropism in FCoV. 2020 Vol. 15 (6): 370-376 [Abstract] ( 49 ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 929KB] ( 225 ) 377 WEI Mingtong1, XIA Bingbing2, HE Zhiyuan2, ZHOU Wei2, LIU Xingdong3, ZHAO Jun2，4, CHEN Jingxian4, WANG Mingli2，4 Soluble prokaryotic expression of varicella-zoster virus glycoprotein E without N-terminal signal peptide and its immunogenicity evaluation Varicella zoster virus (VZV) glycoprotein E (gE) is the main candidate protein for VZV subunit vaccine. Unfortunately, the expression of gE in prokaryotic expression was mainly found in the inclusion body. In this study, a deletion of N-terminal 30 amino acids of gE was constructed on pET32a, expressed in BL21 (DE3). The soluble gE was purified and used to make polyclonal antibodies in BALB/c mice. The titer and specificity of polyclonal antibodies were determined by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and indirect immunofluorescence. The results showed that the soluble recombinant gE produced by BL21/pET32a-VZV gE system is a practical way for vaccine development. 2020 Vol. 15 (6): 377-384 [Abstract] ( 76 ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 8992KB] ( 240 ) 385 HU Qiankun, WANG Qianqian, LI Qiang, HUANG Chenlu, XU Wei, ZHANG Yi, LI Xinyan, CHEN Liang, HUANG Yuxian Baseline serum exosomal miR-155-5p combined with HBV DNA can predict HBeAg seroconversion in chronic hepatitis B patients receiving peginterferon The aim of the present study was to explore the value of baseline serum exosomal miR-155-5p expression level combined with HBV DNA quantification in predicting HBeAg seroconversion in chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients treated with peginterferon (Peg-IFN) for 48 weeks. A total of 88 HBeAg-positive CHB patients who initially received Peg-IFN therapy in our hospital from June 2016 to June 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. Patients were divided into treatment response and non-response group according to HBeAg seroconversion after Peg-IFN treatment for 48 weeks. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to identify predictors of treatment response, and the area under receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to evaluate the predictive efficacy. The results indicated that baseline serum exosomal miR-155-5p [odds ratio (OR) ＝2.193, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.315～3.655, P＝0.003] and HBV DNA (OR＝0.398, 95% CI 0.163～0.976, P＝0.036) were independent predictors for HBeAg seroconversion. The optimal cut-off value of baseline serum exosomal miR-155-5p and HBV DNA were 2.3 and 7.2 log10IU/mL, respectively; and the corresponding area under ROC curves were 0.788 (95% CI 0.682～0.893) and 0.704 (95% CI 0.577～0.824), respectively. Patients with baseline serum exosomal miR-155-5p expression level ≥2.3 and HBV DNA ≤7.2 log10IU/mL had 66.67% (10/15) rates of HBeAg seroconversion, whereas the rates of HBeAg seroconversion among patients with unfavorable baseline characteristics were only 3.03% (1/33). Taken together, these results suggest that baseline serum exosomal miR-155-5p combined with HBV DNA quantification may serve as a useful predictor of Peg-IFN therapy efficacy in HBeAg-positive CHB patients. 2020 Vol. 15 (6): 385-392 [Abstract] ( 76 ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 987KB] ( 159 ) 393 ZHENG Fang1, SUN Danfeng1, ZHANG Yu2, SHEN Yinzhong1，3 The characteristics of imported infectious diseases treated between 2012 and 2019 in a hospital in Shanghai The purpose of this study is to analyze the characteristics of imported infectious diseases in Shanghai between 2012 and 2019 and to provide a basis for more efficient prevention and control. A retrospective and descriptive analysis was conducted for all infectious cases identified as overseas imported in a hospital in Shanghai. The results demonstrated that a total of 305 cases of imported infectious diseases were listed, including malaria, dengue fever, tuberculosis, measles, hepatitis A, hepatitis E, typhoid fever, Ebola hemorrhagic fever, HIV infection, yellow fever, diphtheria, and recessive syphilis. 225 cases were malaria (73.77%) and 68 cases were dengue 22.30%. Both malaria and dengue fever were imported throughout the year, with June, September, and November being the peaks of imported malaria, and June-August being the peak of dengue fever input. Among the pool of imported cases, Chinese nationals were affected more than foreigners, and males more than females. Most of the patients were young and middle-aged, the main occupations were business services and workers, and the main origin of imports was Africa. It was concluded that mosquito-borne infectious diseases such as malaria and dengue fever in summer and autumn are major concerns for imported infectious disease. Health education for labor and tourism groups in Africa and Southeast Asia should be strengthened, and other measures such as case supervision, anti-mosquito and reducing the number of second-generation cases should be taken to better prevent imported infectious diseases. 2020 Vol. 15 (6): 393-397 [Abstract] ( 51 ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 664KB] ( 244 )   Case Analysis 398 LIU Minxue1, HUANG Liying1, LIANG Jiahui1, ZENG Shangjuan1, CEN Zhenjiao1, LI Meng2, HUANG Zhan1, RUAN Jialing1, ZHANG Huan1, WANG Shuangjie1 A case report of Halomonas sp. isolated from an infant bloodstream infection 　 Halomonas sp. is a Gram-negative, halophilic bacillus, present in saline environments. The report about Halomonas sp. infection is rare. Here we reported a case of an infant suffered Halomonas sp. bloodstream infection that hospitalized in the Maternal & Child Health Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region. The symptoms of this infant were fever, C-reactive protein elevation and following pulmonary inflammation. Because of slow growth rate and limited database scope, this Halomonas sp. could be identified by16S rRNA gene sequencing but not by biochemical methods or MALDI-TOF MS. This study might help clinical diagnosis and treatment of Halomonas sp. infections. 2020 Vol. 15 (6): 398-402 [Abstract] ( 91 ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 6137KB] ( 233 )   Review 403 XU Wenxin, ZHANG Xinxin Advances in research on gut microbiota and hepatitis B virus-related liver diseases The mechanism by which hepatitis B virus (HBV) causes acute or chronic infection, and even liver cirrhosis or liver cancer, has not yet been fully elucidated. The gut-liver axis has received widespread attention in recent years, and related research on the gut microecology has developed rapidly. More and more experimental results show that gut microbiota (GM) is related to the occurrence and development of HBV-related liver diseases. GM may be a new perspective to understand the pathogenesis of HBV infection and provide new targets for the treatment of HBV-related diseases, which will have a positive impact on future treatment strategies. This article reviews the advances of the research on GM and HBV-related liver diseases in patients with HBV infection． 2020 Vol. 15 (6): 403-407 [Abstract] ( 60 ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 558KB] ( 226 ) 408 SHEN Yan1, GAO Xiaodong1, HU Bijie1，2 Special recommendations for endoscopic diagnosis and treatment to prevent potential nosocomial infection by COVID-2019 Some standard medical procedures may create risky conditions for COVID-19 infection. With the disease now under good control in China, various high-risk diagnosis and treatment projects suspended in medical institutions for the prevention and control of the epidemic will be opened in succession. Based upon Diagnosis and Treatment of COVID-2019 (trial version eighth) and COVID-2019 Prevention and Control Program (Seventh Edition) published in the latest issue of the National Health Commission and the relevant national standards on COVID-2019, special recommendations for the operation of digestive endoscopy, bronchoscopy, and laryngoscope (flexible laryngoscope) are proposed to prevent potential nosocomial infections by the virus. 2020 Vol. 15 (6): 408-412 [Abstract] ( 42 ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 589KB] ( 245 ) 413 XU Qiong, QIN Hui Extrapulmonary impairments in COVID-19 patients and the potential mechanisms Coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) related studies that were published on journals and medRxiv were reviewed to explore effects of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) on extrapulmonary organs and its potential mechanisms. In addition to respiratory organs, the expression of SARS-CoV-2 functional receptor has also been observed in human hearts, gut, liver, kidneys, and central nervous systems. The action of SARS-CoV-2 on extrapulmonary receptors may contribute to multiple organ dysfunction and the high mortality rate of COVID-19. However, the exact mechanism leading to extrapulmonary impairments in COVID-19 patients remains elusive and further research is needed to provide more evidence. 2020 Vol. 15 (6): 413-420 [Abstract] ( 43 ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 719KB] ( 164 ) 421 XU Jinchuan, FAN Xiaoyong Progress on pathogenesis of coronavirus disease 2019 A viral pneumonia caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has already spread to more than 200 countries and regions around the world, resulting in hundreds of thousands of deaths. A better understanding of epidemiology, pathogenesis, and clinical treatment of coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) is an essential step for efficient disease control. In this review, the advances in the pathogenesis and pathology of COVID-19 are reviewed, with emphasis on the correlation between virus receptor ACE2 and pathogenesis. 2020 Vol. 15 (6): 421-428 [Abstract] ( 78 ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 677KB] ( 331 ) 429 WANG Niuniu1，2, ZHENG Jianming1, LIU Liguang1，3 Advances in disseminated histoplasmosis Histoplasmosis is a class of fungal disease mainly caused by Histoplasma capsulatum. Most of the immunocompetent people infected with Histoplasma capsulatum were self-limited and had few clinical symptoms. However, those with immunodeficiency, organ transplants and a history of travel in epidemic areas may suffer from disseminated histoplasmosis characterized by urgent onset, rapid development, and high mortality. Histoplasmosis was once considered to be an epidemic mycosis in the western hemisphere. Although it was regarded as a rare and imported infection in China, indigenous cases have been reported recently. To prevent misdiagnosis of the disease, epidemiological status, susceptible population, clinical manifestations, diagnostic methods and treatment progresses of disseminated histoplasmosis are reviewed in this paper. 2020 Vol. 15 (6): 429-434 [Abstract] ( 75 ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 647KB] ( 246 ) Reader Login Author Center Online Submission Author Instruction Layout Art Copyright Agreement News More >>   Other Journal

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