目的 寻找对结核性胸水高敏感、高特异性而又简单的检查方法。方法 采用比色法和ELISA法对50例结核性胸水腺苷脱氨酶（ADA）和结核抗体水平进行了检测，并以45例恶性胸水和30例右心功能不全引起的胸水作对照。结果 结核性胸水ADA和结核抗体水平显著高于对照组（P<0.01）。以ADA>45U/L作为阳性标准,其对结核性胸水的敏感性为100%,特异性为98.6%,准确性为99.2%;结核抗体对结核性胸水的敏感性为90%,特异性为93.3%,准确性为92%。 结论 ADA 和结核抗体对诊断结核性胸水均有重要价值。在使用抗结核药特别是在并用激素治疗后，胸水ADA及结核抗体水平会随之下降，故应在停药1周后检测并动态观察二者的变化

Objective To seek better diagnostic tests for tuberculous pleural effusion. Methods Adenosine deaminase (ADA) and anti-TB antibody in pleural effusion were tested by modified Martineck’s method and ELISA in 50 cases of tuberculous pleural effusion, 45 cases of malignant pleural effusion and 30 cases of right cardiac insufficiency pleural effusion, respectively. Result The level of ADA and anti-TB antibody in pleural effusion remarkably higher in tuberculous pleural effusion than in malignant pleural effusion and right cardiac insufficiency pleural effusion (p<0.01). When ADA >45U/L and positive anti-TB antibody were present，their sensitivity, specificity and accuracy in diagnosis of tuberculous pleural effusion are 100%, 98.6%, 99.2% and 90% , 93.3%, 92%, respectively. Conclusion The tests of ADA and anti-TB antibody in pleural effusion are very important in diagnosis tuberculous pleural effusion.