肝细胞肝癌(hepatocellular carcinoma，HCC)是影响人类健康的恶性肿瘤之一，丙型肝炎病毒(hepatitis C virus，HCV)是其主要致病因素之一。HCV诱发的HCC是由病毒和宿主免疫介导的多步骤复杂过程，从慢性炎症发展到肝硬化和肝癌，病毒和宿主因子共同参与此过程。其中，宿主基因突变是导致HCC发生的危险因素之一，全面了解HCV诱发HCC的分子机制将有助于解决此问题。

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a leading cause of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). HCV-induced hepatocarcinogenesis is a sequential process caused by viral factors and (or) chronic host inflammation status. Host genetic variation is now emerging as an additional element that contributes to one’s risk of developing HCC. Therefore, a comprehensive understanding of the molecular mechanisms for HCV-induced HCC will help to solve this problem.