本研究旨在通过比较外阴阴道假丝酵母菌病感染患者与健康人群中的阴道菌群结构组成的差别，分析不同优势菌与外阴阴道假丝酵母菌病的关联。 招募外阴阴道假丝酵母菌病患者VVC组18例、健康人群NC组27例。VVC组患者采用克霉唑治疗，NC组不处理。采集NC组阴道分泌物1次，VVC组分别采样4次（用药前、用药后10天/30天/60天），分别提取阴道分泌物样本中的总DNA，使用高通量测序技术分析阴道分泌物样本中的细菌多样性，讨论VVC患者治疗前后阴道分泌物样本的菌群变化，并分析与正常人群样本的差异性。 结果显示VVC组阴道菌群以惰性乳杆菌L.iners为主，NC组以卷曲乳杆菌L.crispatus为主。VVC组经过抗真菌药物治疗后和治疗前相比其样本中阴道细菌群落组成并无显著差异。 本研究证实VVC患者与健康人群相比阴道菌群组成有显著差异，但抗真菌药物不能促进VVC人群阴道细菌群落向健康态转变。

By comparing the differences in vaginal microbiota structure between patients with vulvovaginal candidiasis and healthy individuals, analyze the association between different dominant bacteria and vulvovaginal candidiasis. Recruiting 18 patients with vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC group) and 27 healthy individuals (NC group). Patients in the VVC group were treated with lactobacillus vaginal capsules combined with clotrimazole, while patients in the NC group were not treated. Collect vaginal secretions from the NC group once, and from the VVC group four times (before medication and 10 days/30 days/60 days after medication). Extract total DNA from vaginal secretions samples, analyze bacterial diversity in vaginal secretions samples using [][][]high-throughput sequencing technology, discuss changes in bacterial community in vaginal secretions samples from VVC patients before and after treatment, and analyze differences from normal population samples. The vaginal microbiota in the VVC group was mainly composed of L. iners, while in the NC group, it was mainly composed of curled L. crispatus. After treatment with antifungal drugs, there was no significant difference in the composition of vaginal bacterial communities in the VVC group compared to before treatment. There is a significant difference in the composition of vaginal microbiota between the VVC group and the NC group, and antifungal drugs cannot promote the transition of vaginal bacterial community to a healthy state.