本文探讨了斑块状银屑病患者与健康人群肠道真菌菌群多样性和结构的差异。收集2021年1月—2021年12月于河北医科大学第四医院皮肤科就诊的银屑病患者(P组)及同期于河北医科大学第四医院皮肤科体检的健康对照者(C组)的新鲜粪便标本。粪便经处理后采用内转录间隔区(internal transcribed spacer，ITS)测序方法在Illumina NovaSeq PE250平台测序，使用UPARSE软件进行分析，结果如下。 Alpha多样性分析结果显示，P组真菌菌群丰度和多样性虽有小幅度升高，但两组间无明显差异(P>0.05)。偏最小二乘法判别分析(partial least squares discriminant analysis，PLS-DA)结果显示，P组与C组菌群结构存在显著差异。组间差异物种组成分析结果显示，两组间丰度有显著差异的群落有10余种。P组丰度较高的菌种为法夫酵母科(Phaffomycetaceae)、鬼伞科(Psathyrellaceae)、威克汉姆酵母菌属(Wickerhamomyces)、金黄隐球酵母种(Papiliotrema_flavescens)；C组丰度较高的菌种为复膜孢酵母属(Saccharomycopsis)、扣囊复膜酵母种(Saccharomycopsis fibuligera)、Cutaneotrichosporon_cyanovorans、毛孢子菌属(Cutaneotrichosporon)、圆锥曲霉种(Aspergillus_conicus)、苏门答腊青霉种(Penicillium sumatraense)、木拉科酵母种(Mrakia blollopis)、丝孢毕赤氏酵母属(Hyphopichia)、杜氏篮状菌种(Talaromyces_duclauxii)。与健康对照组相比，斑块状银屑病患者组的肠道真菌菌群结构发生了显著变化。

This paper aimed to identify the differences in the diversity and composition of intestinal fungal flora between the plaque psoriatic patients and the healthy individuals. It obtained the fresh fecal samples from the psoriatic (P) patients and the healthy controls (C) during January 2021 to December 2021 in the dermatology clinic, the Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University. Fecal samples were processed and internal transcribed spacer (ITS) was sequenced using the Illumina NovaSeq PE250 platform by UPARSE software. Results showed that although a slight elevation was found in the richness and diversity of the intestinal fungi for the psoriasis group, there was no statistical difference between the two groups by the alpha diversity analysis (P>0.05). A significant separation was detected between P and C groups with the partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA). The species diversity analysis showed that there were more than 10 species with significant different abundance between two groups. Phaffomycetaceae, Psathyrellaceae, Wickerhamomyces, Papiliotrema_flavescens in group P, and Saccharomycopsis, Saccharomycopsis fibuliger, Cutaneotrichosporon_cyanovorans, Cutaneotrichosporon, Aspergillus_conicus, Penicillium sumatraense, Mrakia blollopis, Hyphopichia, Talaromyces_duclauxii in the group C, were found with higher abundance, respectively. The composition of intestinal fungal flora in the plaque psoriatic patients is significantly different compared with the healthy controls.