鲍曼不动杆菌(Acinetobacter baumannii，AB)是一种致病性极强的革兰氏阴性杆菌，不仅环境适应能力强，而且存活期长，可引发人体多部位的感染。AB已凭借其强大的获得性耐药能力成为医院感染中最常见的病原体之一，故研究其致病机制对防控具有重要意义。外膜蛋白是鲍曼不动杆菌致病的关键因素之一，其致病机制涵盖黏附与侵入、生物膜形成、免疫逃避、诱导细胞凋亡等。近年来，随着新技术(如蛋白质组学、基因转录组学、生物信息学等)被广泛应用，鲍曼不动杆菌外膜蛋白研究在结构生物学、疫苗开发与靶点筛选、毒力机制及耐药性等领域取得显著进展。本文将聚焦鲍曼不动杆菌外膜蛋白的致病机制及其最新研究进展进行综述。

Acinetobacter baumannii (AB), a highly pathogenic Gram-negative bacterium, exhibits remarkable environmental adaptability and prolonged survival. It can infect multiple sites in the human body and has become one of the most common pathogens in hospital-acquired infections due to its extensive acquired drug resistance, making the study of its pathogenic mechanisms urgent. Outer membrane proteins (OMPs) are among the key virulence factors of AB, contributing to adhesion and invasion, biofilm formation, immune evasion, and induction of apoptosis. In recent years, with the wide application of advanced technologies such as proteomics, transcriptomics and bioinformatics, significant progress has been obtained in the research on AB OMPs regarding structural biology, vaccine development and target identification, virulence mechanisms, and antimicrobial resistance. This review focuses on the pathogenic mechanisms of AB OMPs and the latest research advancements in this field.