本研究旨在分析重症手足口病患者体内雌二醇与细胞因子的相关性，为手足口病诊断和救治提供重要依据。收集临床诊断手足口病患儿的标本，用荧光定量反转录-聚合酶链反应(reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction，RT-PCR)进行肠道病毒71型(enterovirus 71，EV71)和其他肠道病毒的检测，同时采用化学发光免疫和Milliplex多因子检测技术分析血清中的雌二醇和细胞因子。结果显示，手足口病重症组、轻症组、健康对照组的雌二醇水平分别为(6.12±6.08)pg/mL、(30.2±10.16)pg/mL、(20.62±7.43)pg/mL，差异有统计学意义；重症组与轻症组之间γ干扰素(interferon γ，IFN-γ)、白细胞介素8(interleukin 8，IL-8)和IL-6水平差异有统计学意义，血清中IL-8和IL-6水平与雌二醇水平呈负相关。结果证实，手足口病患儿血清中雌二醇水平与IFN-γ、IL-8和IL-6水平密切相关，可作为重症手足口病临床判断的生物标记，有助于临床判断疾病严重程度，提早干预治疗，为防治重症并发症提供依据。

The present paper aimed to analyze the correlation between estradiol and cytokines in the patients with severe hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD), and to provide information for the diagnosis and treatment of this disease. The samples of children with clinically diagnosed HFMD were collected. Enterovirus 71 (EV71) and other enteroviruses were detected by fluorescent quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The serum estradiol and cytokines were detected by chemiluminescent immunoassay and Milliplex xMAP assays respectively. The results showed that the concentrations of estradiol in severe HFMD, mild HFMD and healthy control groups were (6.12±6.08) pg/mL, (30.2±10.16) pg/mL and (20.62±7.43) pg/mL, respectively. There were significant differences in the concentrations of interferon γ (IFN-γ), interleukin 8 (IL-8) and IL-6 between severe HFMD group and mild HFMD group. Serum IL-8 and IL-6 levels were negatively correlated with estradiol concentration. The results suggest that serum estradiol concentration in HFMD patients is closely related to IFN-γ， IL-8 and IL-6 levels, which could be used as a biomarker for clinical judgement of severe HFMD.